摩(mo)(mo)擦滑(hua)(hua)移隔震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)是開發應(ying)用(yong)較早(zao)的隔振(zhen)技術(shu)之(zhi)一，所用(yong)的摩(mo)(mo)擦材料(liao)多為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)沙石、石墨(mo)等廉價材料(liao)，標(biao)記(ji)經濟且簡(jian)(jian)單易(yi)行。摩(mo)(mo)擦滑(hua)(hua)移隔震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)系(xi)統通常有隔離地(di)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)作(zuo)用(yong)的摩(mo)(mo)擦滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)機構和(he)限(xian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)復位(wei)(wei)(wei)的阻尼向(xiang)心(xin)機構組成，多為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)平(ping)面(mian)滑(hua)(hua)移隔震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)系(xi)統。該系(xi)統不(bu)能自動(dong)(dong)復位(wei)(wei)(wei)，一般需(xu)(xu)要另外加(jia)(jia)設(she)復位(wei)(wei)(wei)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)，且滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)性能離散性大(da)、不(bu)易(yi)控(kong)制(zhi)，滑(hua)(hua)移量過大(da)可(ke)能導致穿越隔震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)層的非結(jie)構構件(jian)破壞，甚至(zhi)可(ke)能發生滑(hua)(hua)移失穩(wen)，這極大(da)地(di)阻礙了滑(hua)(hua)移隔震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)的發展(zhan)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)了解決平(ping)面(mian)滑(hua)(hua)移系(xi)統不(bu)能自動(dong)(dong)復位(wei)(wei)(wei)問題，Zayas等于1985年在美國加(jia)(jia)州大(da)學伯克(ke)利分校研發了摩(mo)(mo)擦擺(bai)隔震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)，稱(cheng)之(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)摩(mo)(mo)擦擺(bai)系(xi)統/支座(Friction Pendilum System/Bearing,簡(jian)(jian)稱(cheng)FPS/FPB)。該裝(zhuang)置(zhi)不(bu)僅具有平(ping)面(mian)滑(hua)(hua)移隔震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的對地(di)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)激勵頻率(lv)范圍的低敏感性和(he)高穩(wen)定性，特有的圓弧滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)面(mian)還使(shi)其具有復位(wei)(wei)(wei)功能，無需(xu)(xu)附設(she)阻尼向(xiang)心(xin)機構，故而在實際應(ying)用(yong)中(zhong)更為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)簡(jian)(jian)便，且增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)了隔震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的可(ke)靠度。
摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)擺隔震(zhen)(zhen)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)是將傳(chuan)統的(de)平面(mian)滑(hua)(hua)移隔震(zhen)(zhen)裝置的(de)摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)滑(hua)(hua)移面(mian)由平面(mian)改(gai)為球(qiu)面(mian)，從而(er)可依靠自(zi)(zi)身重力自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)回復。該支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)主要由上、下(xia)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)板(ban)和一個鉸接滑(hua)(hua)塊組成。摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)擺隔震(zhen)(zhen)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)嵌在(zai)滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)容腔中的(de)鉸接滑(hua)(hua)塊與(yu)滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)具有相同的(de)曲率半徑，可與(yu)滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)完全(quan)貼(tie)合，并使(shi)上支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)在(zai)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)時(shi)始終保持水平。滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)上涂有低摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)材(cai)料，如聚四氟(fu)乙烯(xi)（特氟(fu)龍）等(deng)，可在(zai)滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)過程(cheng)中耗散(san)能(neng)量。當滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)界(jie)面(mian)受(shou)到的(de)地震(zhen)(zhen)作(zuo)用(yong)超過靜摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)力時(shi)，地面(mian)水平運動(dong)(dong)(dong)會促使(shi)滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)在(zai)其圓弧面(mian)內滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)，從而(er)迫使(shi)上部結構輕微抬高，發生單擺運動(dong)(dong)(dong)。然后，支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)會在(zai)自(zi)(zi)身受(shou)到的(de)豎向荷載作(zuo)用(yong)下(xia)自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)回復。
摩(mo)擦(ca)擺隔震支(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)的(de)水(shui)平力為滑(hua)動面摩(mo)擦(ca)力和上(shang)部結構沿滑(hua)道上(shang)升產生的(de)恢復(fu)力的(de)合(he)力，而提供的(de)恢復(fu)力使支(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)能(neng)(neng)依靠(kao)其承受(shou)的(de)重力自(zi)(zi)動往中(zhong)心位置回復(fu)，使地震響應得到控制，并且該支(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)的(de)剛(gang)度(du)中(zhong)心有自(zi)(zi)動與隔震結構的(de)質心重合(he)的(de)趨(qu)勢，因而能(neng)(neng)在更大 程(cheng)度(du)上(shang)消除(chu)結構的(de)扭轉運動。摩(mo)擦(ca)擺隔震支(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)的(de)周期、豎向承載力、阻(zu)尼比(bi)、側重位移和抗拉力等指(zhi)標(biao)可以(yi)進行(xing)單(dan)獨控制，該特性(xing)十分便(bian)于設計人員對隔震系統進行(xing)優(you)化設計。
