摩(mo)(mo)擦滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)隔(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)是開發應用較早(zao)的隔(ge)振技術之一，所(suo)用的摩(mo)(mo)擦材料多(duo)為沙石、石墨等廉價材料，標記經濟且簡(jian)單易行。摩(mo)(mo)擦滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)隔(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)系(xi)統通常有(you)隔(ge)離地(di)(di)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)作用的摩(mo)(mo)擦滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動機構和限位(wei)(wei)復位(wei)(wei)的阻尼向(xiang)(xiang)心(xin)機構組(zu)成，多(duo)為平(ping)面滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)隔(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)系(xi)統。該系(xi)統不(bu)(bu)能自動復位(wei)(wei)，一般需要(yao)另外加(jia)設(she)復位(wei)(wei)裝(zhuang)置，且滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動性能離散性大、不(bu)(bu)易控制，滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)量過大可(ke)(ke)能導(dao)致穿(chuan)越隔(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)層的非(fei)結構構件(jian)破壞，甚至(zhi)可(ke)(ke)能發生(sheng)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)失(shi)穩(wen)，這極(ji)大地(di)(di)阻礙了(le)(le)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)隔(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)的發展。為了(le)(le)解(jie)決平(ping)面滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)系(xi)統不(bu)(bu)能自動復位(wei)(wei)問(wen)題，Zayas等于1985年在美(mei)國加(jia)州大學伯(bo)克利分校研發了(le)(le)摩(mo)(mo)擦擺(bai)隔(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)裝(zhuang)置，稱(cheng)之為摩(mo)(mo)擦擺(bai)系(xi)統/支座(Friction Pendilum System/Bearing,簡(jian)稱(cheng)FPS/FPB)。該裝(zhuang)置不(bu)(bu)僅具(ju)有(you)平(ping)面滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)隔(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)裝(zhuang)置的對(dui)地(di)(di)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)激勵頻率范圍(wei)的低(di)敏感性和高穩(wen)定性，特有(you)的圓弧(hu)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動面還使其具(ju)有(you)復位(wei)(wei)功能，無需附設(she)阻尼向(xiang)(xiang)心(xin)機構，故而(er)在實(shi)際應用中(zhong)更為簡(jian)便(bian)，且增加(jia)了(le)(le)隔(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)裝(zhuang)置的可(ke)(ke)靠度。
摩擦擺(bai)(bai)(bai)隔震支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)是(shi)將傳統的(de)(de)平面(mian)(mian)滑(hua)移(yi)隔震裝置的(de)(de)摩擦滑(hua)移(yi)面(mian)(mian)由平面(mian)(mian)改(gai)為球面(mian)(mian)，從而可(ke)依靠(kao)自身重力自動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)回復(fu)(fu)。該(gai)支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)主(zhu)要由上(shang)、下(xia)支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)板和一個(ge)鉸接滑(hua)塊組成。摩擦擺(bai)(bai)(bai)隔震支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)嵌在(zai)滑(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)容腔中的(de)(de)鉸接滑(hua)塊與滑(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)具有相(xiang)同的(de)(de)曲率(lv)半徑，可(ke)與滑(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)完全貼合，并(bing)使上(shang)支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)在(zai)支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)滑(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)時(shi)始終保持(chi)水平。滑(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)上(shang)涂有低摩擦材料(liao)，如聚四氟乙烯（特氟龍）等(deng)，可(ke)在(zai)滑(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)過程(cheng)中耗散能量。當滑(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)界面(mian)(mian)受(shou)到的(de)(de)地震作用超過靜摩擦力時(shi)，地面(mian)(mian)水平運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)會促使滑(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)在(zai)其圓(yuan)弧面(mian)(mian)內(nei)滑(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，從而迫使上(shang)部結構輕微(wei)抬高，發生單擺(bai)(bai)(bai)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。然后，支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)會在(zai)自身受(shou)到的(de)(de)豎向荷載作用下(xia)自動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)回復(fu)(fu)。
摩(mo)擦(ca)擺隔震支座(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)水平力(li)為滑動面摩(mo)擦(ca)力(li)和上部結(jie)構(gou)(gou)沿(yan)滑道上升產生的(de)(de)(de)恢(hui)復(fu)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)合(he)力(li)，而提供的(de)(de)(de)恢(hui)復(fu)力(li)使支座(zuo)能依靠其承(cheng)受的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)力(li)自動往中心(xin)(xin)位(wei)置回復(fu)，使地震響應得到控制，并且該支座(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)剛度中心(xin)(xin)有(you)自動與隔震結(jie)構(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)質心(xin)(xin)重(zhong)合(he)的(de)(de)(de)趨勢，因(yin)而能在更(geng)大(da) 程度上消除(chu)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)扭(niu)轉運動。摩(mo)擦(ca)擺隔震支座(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)周期、豎向承(cheng)載力(li)、阻尼比、側(ce)重(zhong)位(wei)移和抗拉力(li)等指標可以進行(xing)單獨控制，該特性十分便于(yu)設計人員對隔震系統進行(xing)優化設計。
