摩擦(ca)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移隔(ge)(ge)震是開發應用較早的(de)(de)(de)隔(ge)(ge)振技術(shu)之一，所用的(de)(de)(de)摩擦(ca)材(cai)料多為沙石、石墨等廉(lian)價材(cai)料，標記(ji)經濟且(qie)簡(jian)(jian)單易(yi)(yi)行。摩擦(ca)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移隔(ge)(ge)震系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)通(tong)常有隔(ge)(ge)離地震作(zuo)用的(de)(de)(de)摩擦(ca)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)機構(gou)(gou)和限位(wei)復位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)阻(zu)尼(ni)向心機構(gou)(gou)組成(cheng)，多為平面(mian)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移隔(ge)(ge)震系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)。該系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)不(bu)(bu)能自(zi)動(dong)(dong)復位(wei)，一般需(xu)要另外加設復位(wei)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置，且(qie)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)性(xing)能離散性(xing)大、不(bu)(bu)易(yi)(yi)控(kong)制，滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移量過(guo)大可(ke)能導致穿越(yue)隔(ge)(ge)震層的(de)(de)(de)非(fei)結構(gou)(gou)構(gou)(gou)件破壞(huai)，甚至(zhi)可(ke)能發生滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移失(shi)穩，這極大地阻(zu)礙了滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移隔(ge)(ge)震的(de)(de)(de)發展。為了解(jie)決(jue)平面(mian)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)不(bu)(bu)能自(zi)動(dong)(dong)復位(wei)問題，Zayas等于1985年在美國加州(zhou)大學伯克利分校研(yan)發了摩擦(ca)擺隔(ge)(ge)震裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置，稱之為摩擦(ca)擺系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)/支座(Friction Pendilum System/Bearing,簡(jian)(jian)稱FPS/FPB)。該裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置不(bu)(bu)僅具(ju)有平面(mian)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移隔(ge)(ge)震裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置的(de)(de)(de)對(dui)地震激(ji)勵頻率范圍的(de)(de)(de)低敏感性(xing)和高穩定性(xing)，特有的(de)(de)(de)圓弧滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)面(mian)還使其(qi)具(ju)有復位(wei)功能，無需(xu)附設阻(zu)尼(ni)向心機構(gou)(gou)，故(gu)而在實際應用中更為簡(jian)(jian)便(bian)，且(qie)增加了隔(ge)(ge)震裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置的(de)(de)(de)可(ke)靠度。
摩擦(ca)(ca)擺隔(ge)震(zhen)支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)是將傳統的(de)(de)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)滑(hua)(hua)移隔(ge)震(zhen)裝(zhuang)置的(de)(de)摩擦(ca)(ca)滑(hua)(hua)移面(mian)(mian)(mian)由(you)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)改為(wei)球面(mian)(mian)(mian)，從而(er)可依靠自(zi)身重(zhong)力自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)回(hui)復(fu)。該支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)主(zhu)要由(you)上(shang)、下(xia)(xia)支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)板和一(yi)個鉸接滑(hua)(hua)塊(kuai)組(zu)成。摩擦(ca)(ca)擺隔(ge)震(zhen)支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)嵌在(zai)滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)容腔(qiang)中的(de)(de)鉸接滑(hua)(hua)塊(kuai)與滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)具有(you)相同的(de)(de)曲率半徑，可與滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)完全貼合，并使上(shang)支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)在(zai)支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)時始終保持水平(ping)。滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)涂有(you)低摩擦(ca)(ca)材料，如聚(ju)四氟乙烯（特氟龍）等，可在(zai)滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)過程(cheng)中耗散能量。當滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)界(jie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)受到的(de)(de)地震(zhen)作(zuo)用超過靜摩擦(ca)(ca)力時，地面(mian)(mian)(mian)水平(ping)運動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)會(hui)促使滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)在(zai)其圓弧面(mian)(mian)(mian)內滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，從而(er)迫使上(shang)部結構輕微抬高，發生單擺運動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。然后，支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)會(hui)在(zai)自(zi)身受到的(de)(de)豎向荷載作(zuo)用下(xia)(xia)自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)回(hui)復(fu)。
摩(mo)(mo)擦擺(bai)隔(ge)震(zhen)支座(zuo)的(de)水平力(li)為滑(hua)動面摩(mo)(mo)擦力(li)和上(shang)部結(jie)構(gou)沿(yan)滑(hua)道(dao)上(shang)升產(chan)生的(de)恢復(fu)力(li)的(de)合力(li)，而(er)提供的(de)恢復(fu)力(li)使支座(zuo)能依靠其承受的(de)重(zhong)力(li)自動往中心(xin)(xin)位置回復(fu)，使地震(zhen)響應得到(dao)控制，并(bing)且該支座(zuo)的(de)剛(gang)度(du)中心(xin)(xin)有自動與隔(ge)震(zhen)結(jie)構(gou)的(de)質心(xin)(xin)重(zhong)合的(de)趨(qu)勢，因而(er)能在更大 程度(du)上(shang)消除結(jie)構(gou)的(de)扭(niu)轉運動。摩(mo)(mo)擦擺(bai)隔(ge)震(zhen)支座(zuo)的(de)周期、豎(shu)向(xiang)承載力(li)、阻尼比、側重(zhong)位移和抗拉力(li)等指(zhi)標可以(yi)進行單獨控制，該特性十分(fen)便于(yu)設(she)計人員對隔(ge)震(zhen)系統進行優化設(she)計。
