摩(mo)擦(ca)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)隔(ge)震(zhen)是(shi)開發應用(yong)較早的(de)隔(ge)振技術之一，所(suo)用(yong)的(de)摩(mo)擦(ca)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)多為(wei)(wei)沙石(shi)、石(shi)墨等廉價材(cai)料(liao)(liao)，標記經濟且(qie)簡單(dan)易行。摩(mo)擦(ca)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)隔(ge)震(zhen)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)通常(chang)有隔(ge)離地震(zhen)作用(yong)的(de)摩(mo)擦(ca)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)機構(gou)(gou)和限位(wei)復位(wei)的(de)阻尼向心機構(gou)(gou)組成，多為(wei)(wei)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)隔(ge)震(zhen)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)。該系(xi)統(tong)(tong)不能(neng)自動(dong)復位(wei)，一般需(xu)要(yao)另外加設(she)復位(wei)裝置，且(qie)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)離散性(xing)(xing)(xing)大(da)、不易控(kong)制，滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)量過大(da)可能(neng)導致(zhi)穿越隔(ge)震(zhen)層的(de)非結構(gou)(gou)構(gou)(gou)件破(po)壞，甚至可能(neng)發生滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)失穩(wen)，這極大(da)地阻礙了滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)隔(ge)震(zhen)的(de)發展。為(wei)(wei)了解決平(ping)面(mian)(mian)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)不能(neng)自動(dong)復位(wei)問題，Zayas等于1985年在(zai)(zai)美國加州大(da)學伯克利分校研發了摩(mo)擦(ca)擺隔(ge)震(zhen)裝置，稱之為(wei)(wei)摩(mo)擦(ca)擺系(xi)統(tong)(tong)/支座(zuo)(Friction Pendilum System/Bearing,簡稱FPS/FPB)。該裝置不僅具有平(ping)面(mian)(mian)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)隔(ge)震(zhen)裝置的(de)對地震(zhen)激(ji)勵頻(pin)率范(fan)圍的(de)低敏(min)感性(xing)(xing)(xing)和高穩(wen)定性(xing)(xing)(xing)，特(te)有的(de)圓弧滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)面(mian)(mian)還使其具有復位(wei)功能(neng)，無需(xu)附設(she)阻尼向心機構(gou)(gou)，故而在(zai)(zai)實(shi)際應用(yong)中更為(wei)(wei)簡便，且(qie)增加了隔(ge)震(zhen)裝置的(de)可靠度。
摩(mo)(mo)(mo)擦擺隔(ge)震支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)是(shi)將傳統的(de)平(ping)面滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移隔(ge)震裝置(zhi)的(de)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)擦滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移面由(you)(you)平(ping)面改為球面，從而可依靠自(zi)身重(zhong)力自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)回(hui)(hui)復。該支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)主(zhu)要由(you)(you)上(shang)、下支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)板和一個鉸接滑(hua)(hua)(hua)塊組成。摩(mo)(mo)(mo)擦擺隔(ge)震支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)嵌在滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)容腔中的(de)鉸接滑(hua)(hua)(hua)塊與滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)面具有(you)相同的(de)曲率(lv)半徑(jing)，可與滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)面完全(quan)貼(tie)合，并使(shi)(shi)上(shang)支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)在支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)時始終保持水平(ping)。滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)面上(shang)涂有(you)低摩(mo)(mo)(mo)擦材料(liao)，如聚四氟乙烯（特氟龍）等(deng)，可在滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)過程中耗散能量。當滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)界面受(shou)到的(de)地震作用超過靜摩(mo)(mo)(mo)擦力時，地面水平(ping)運動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)會促使(shi)(shi)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)在其圓(yuan)弧(hu)面內(nei)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，從而迫使(shi)(shi)上(shang)部結構輕微抬高(gao)，發生單擺運動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。然后(hou)，支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)會在自(zi)身受(shou)到的(de)豎向荷(he)載作用下自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)回(hui)(hui)復。
摩擦擺(bai)隔震支(zhi)座(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)平力為滑(hua)動(dong)面摩擦力和上(shang)部結(jie)構沿滑(hua)道上(shang)升(sheng)產生的(de)(de)(de)(de)恢復(fu)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)合力，而提(ti)供(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)恢復(fu)力使支(zhi)座(zuo)能依靠其承(cheng)受(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)重力自動(dong)往中心(xin)位(wei)置回復(fu)，使地(di)震響應得到(dao)控(kong)制(zhi)，并(bing)且該支(zhi)座(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)剛度(du)中心(xin)有(you)自動(dong)與隔震結(jie)構的(de)(de)(de)(de)質心(xin)重合的(de)(de)(de)(de)趨勢，因而能在更大(da) 程度(du)上(shang)消除結(jie)構的(de)(de)(de)(de)扭轉運動(dong)。摩擦擺(bai)隔震支(zhi)座(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)周(zhou)期、豎向承(cheng)載力、阻尼比、側重位(wei)移和抗拉(la)力等指(zhi)標可以進行(xing)單獨控(kong)制(zhi)，該特性十(shi)分便于(yu)設計人(ren)員對隔震系統(tong)進行(xing)優化(hua)設計。
