摩(mo)擦滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)震(zhen)是開發(fa)(fa)應(ying)用(yong)較早的(de)(de)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)振技術之一，所用(yong)的(de)(de)摩(mo)擦材料多(duo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)沙石(shi)、石(shi)墨等廉價材料，標記經(jing)濟且簡(jian)單易(yi)行。摩(mo)擦滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)震(zhen)系(xi)統(tong)通常有(you)(you)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)離地震(zhen)作用(yong)的(de)(de)摩(mo)擦滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動機構和限位(wei)復位(wei)的(de)(de)阻尼向心機構組成，多(duo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)平面(mian)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)震(zhen)系(xi)統(tong)。該系(xi)統(tong)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)自動復位(wei)，一般需(xu)要(yao)另外(wai)加設(she)復位(wei)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)，且滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動性能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)離散性大(da)、不(bu)(bu)易(yi)控制，滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)量過大(da)可能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)導(dao)致穿(chuan)越隔(ge)(ge)(ge)震(zhen)層的(de)(de)非結(jie)構構件破壞，甚(shen)至可能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)發(fa)(fa)生滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)失穩，這極(ji)大(da)地阻礙(ai)了(le)(le)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)震(zhen)的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展。為(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)解決平面(mian)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)系(xi)統(tong)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)自動復位(wei)問(wen)題，Zayas等于1985年在美(mei)國加州大(da)學伯(bo)克利分校研發(fa)(fa)了(le)(le)摩(mo)擦擺(bai)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)震(zhen)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)，稱之為(wei)(wei)(wei)摩(mo)擦擺(bai)系(xi)統(tong)/支座(Friction Pendilum System/Bearing,簡(jian)稱FPS/FPB)。該裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)不(bu)(bu)僅具有(you)(you)平面(mian)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)震(zhen)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)的(de)(de)對(dui)地震(zhen)激勵頻(pin)率范圍的(de)(de)低敏感性和高穩定(ding)性，特有(you)(you)的(de)(de)圓弧滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動面(mian)還使(shi)其具有(you)(you)復位(wei)功能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，無(wu)需(xu)附(fu)設(she)阻尼向心機構，故(gu)而(er)在實際應(ying)用(yong)中更為(wei)(wei)(wei)簡(jian)便，且增(zeng)加了(le)(le)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)震(zhen)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)的(de)(de)可靠度。
摩擦(ca)擺隔(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)支(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)是將傳(chuan)統的(de)平(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移隔(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)裝置的(de)摩擦(ca)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移面(mian)(mian)(mian)由平(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)改(gai)為球(qiu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)，從(cong)而可(ke)依靠(kao)自(zi)身重力自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)回(hui)復。該支(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)主要由上(shang)、下支(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)板(ban)和(he)一(yi)個鉸(jiao)接(jie)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)塊組成。摩擦(ca)擺隔(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)支(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)嵌在滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)容腔中的(de)鉸(jiao)接(jie)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)塊與(yu)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)具有(you)相同的(de)曲率半徑，可(ke)與(yu)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)完(wan)全貼合，并使上(shang)支(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)在支(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)時始終保持水(shui)平(ping)(ping)。滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)涂有(you)低摩擦(ca)材料，如聚四(si)氟乙(yi)烯（特氟龍(long)）等，可(ke)在滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)過(guo)程中耗散能量。當滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)界面(mian)(mian)(mian)受到(dao)的(de)地(di)(di)震(zhen)(zhen)作用超過(guo)靜摩擦(ca)力時，地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)運動(dong)(dong)(dong)會促使滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)在其圓(yuan)弧(hu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)內(nei)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)，從(cong)而迫使上(shang)部結構輕微抬高，發(fa)生單擺運動(dong)(dong)(dong)。然(ran)后，支(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)會在自(zi)身受到(dao)的(de)豎(shu)向荷載作用下自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)回(hui)復。
摩擦(ca)擺隔(ge)震(zhen)支(zhi)座(zuo)的(de)水平(ping)力(li)為(wei)滑動(dong)面摩擦(ca)力(li)和上(shang)(shang)部結構沿滑道上(shang)(shang)升(sheng)產生的(de)恢復力(li)的(de)合力(li)，而提供的(de)恢復力(li)使支(zhi)座(zuo)能依靠其承受的(de)重(zhong)(zhong)力(li)自動(dong)往中心(xin)(xin)位置回復，使地震(zhen)響應(ying)得(de)到控制，并且該(gai)支(zhi)座(zuo)的(de)剛度中心(xin)(xin)有自動(dong)與隔(ge)震(zhen)結構的(de)質(zhi)心(xin)(xin)重(zhong)(zhong)合的(de)趨勢，因而能在更大(da) 程度上(shang)(shang)消除結構的(de)扭轉運(yun)動(dong)。摩擦(ca)擺隔(ge)震(zhen)支(zhi)座(zuo)的(de)周期、豎向(xiang)承載力(li)、阻(zu)尼比、側重(zhong)(zhong)位移和抗拉(la)力(li)等指標可以進(jin)行單獨控制，該(gai)特性十分便(bian)于設計(ji)人員對隔(ge)震(zhen)系統進(jin)行優(you)化設計(ji)。
