摩(mo)擦(ca)滑(hua)移(yi)隔震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)是開發應用(yong)(yong)較(jiao)早的隔振技術之(zhi)一(yi)，所用(yong)(yong)的摩(mo)擦(ca)材(cai)料多(duo)為沙石、石墨(mo)等廉價(jia)材(cai)料，標記經濟且(qie)簡(jian)單(dan)易(yi)行。摩(mo)擦(ca)滑(hua)移(yi)隔震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)通常有隔離(li)地(di)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)的摩(mo)擦(ca)滑(hua)動(dong)(dong)機構(gou)和(he)限位(wei)(wei)復位(wei)(wei)的阻(zu)尼(ni)向心機構(gou)組(zu)成，多(duo)為平(ping)面(mian)滑(hua)移(yi)隔震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)。該系(xi)統(tong)(tong)不能自動(dong)(dong)復位(wei)(wei)，一(yi)般需(xu)要(yao)另(ling)外(wai)加(jia)設復位(wei)(wei)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)，且(qie)滑(hua)動(dong)(dong)性(xing)能離(li)散(san)性(xing)大、不易(yi)控制，滑(hua)移(yi)量過大可(ke)能導(dao)致(zhi)穿越隔震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)層的非結構(gou)構(gou)件破壞，甚(shen)至可(ke)能發生滑(hua)移(yi)失穩，這極(ji)大地(di)阻(zu)礙了(le)滑(hua)移(yi)隔震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)的發展。為了(le)解決平(ping)面(mian)滑(hua)移(yi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)不能自動(dong)(dong)復位(wei)(wei)問題，Zayas等于(yu)1985年在美國加(jia)州大學伯克(ke)利分校研發了(le)摩(mo)擦(ca)擺隔震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)，稱(cheng)之(zhi)為摩(mo)擦(ca)擺系(xi)統(tong)(tong)/支座(Friction Pendilum System/Bearing,簡(jian)稱(cheng)FPS/FPB)。該裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)不僅(jin)具有平(ping)面(mian)滑(hua)移(yi)隔震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)的對(dui)地(di)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)激勵頻率范圍的低敏(min)感性(xing)和(he)高穩定(ding)性(xing)，特(te)有的圓(yuan)弧滑(hua)動(dong)(dong)面(mian)還(huan)使其具有復位(wei)(wei)功能，無需(xu)附設阻(zu)尼(ni)向心機構(gou)，故而(er)在實際應用(yong)(yong)中更為簡(jian)便，且(qie)增加(jia)了(le)隔震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)的可(ke)靠度(du)。
摩擦(ca)擺隔震支(zhi)(zhi)座是將(jiang)傳統(tong)的平面(mian)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)隔震裝置的摩擦(ca)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)面(mian)由平面(mian)改為球面(mian)，從而可依靠(kao)自(zi)(zi)身重力自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)回復。該支(zhi)(zhi)座主要由上(shang)(shang)(shang)、下支(zhi)(zhi)座板和一個鉸接(jie)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)塊(kuai)組成。摩擦(ca)擺隔震支(zhi)(zhi)座嵌在(zai)(zai)(zai)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)容腔中的鉸接(jie)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)塊(kuai)與(yu)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)具有相同的曲率(lv)半徑，可與(yu)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)完全貼合(he)，并使(shi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)支(zhi)(zhi)座在(zai)(zai)(zai)支(zhi)(zhi)座滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)時始(shi)終保持水(shui)平。滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)涂有低摩擦(ca)材料，如(ru)聚四氟乙烯（特氟龍）等，可在(zai)(zai)(zai)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)過程中耗散(san)能量。當滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)界面(mian)受(shou)到的地震作用(yong)超過靜摩擦(ca)力時，地面(mian)水(shui)平運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)會促使(shi)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)其圓弧面(mian)內(nei)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)，從而迫使(shi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)部結構輕微抬高，發生單擺運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)。然后(hou)，支(zhi)(zhi)座會在(zai)(zai)(zai)自(zi)(zi)身受(shou)到的豎(shu)向荷載作用(yong)下自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)回復。
摩(mo)擦擺(bai)隔(ge)震(zhen)支(zhi)座(zuo)的(de)(de)水(shui)平力(li)為滑(hua)動(dong)(dong)面摩(mo)擦力(li)和上(shang)(shang)部結構(gou)沿滑(hua)道上(shang)(shang)升產生(sheng)的(de)(de)恢復(fu)(fu)力(li)的(de)(de)合(he)力(li)，而提(ti)供的(de)(de)恢復(fu)(fu)力(li)使(shi)支(zhi)座(zuo)能依靠其(qi)承(cheng)(cheng)受的(de)(de)重(zhong)力(li)自動(dong)(dong)往中心位置回(hui)復(fu)(fu)，使(shi)地震(zhen)響應得到控制，并且該(gai)支(zhi)座(zuo)的(de)(de)剛度(du)中心有自動(dong)(dong)與隔(ge)震(zhen)結構(gou)的(de)(de)質心重(zhong)合(he)的(de)(de)趨勢，因(yin)而能在更大 程度(du)上(shang)(shang)消除結構(gou)的(de)(de)扭轉運動(dong)(dong)。摩(mo)擦擺(bai)隔(ge)震(zhen)支(zhi)座(zuo)的(de)(de)周(zhou)期、豎向承(cheng)(cheng)載力(li)、阻尼比、側重(zhong)位移和抗拉(la)力(li)等指標可以(yi)進行單(dan)獨(du)控制，該(gai)特性十分便于設計人員對隔(ge)震(zhen)系統進行優化設計。
