摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)滑移隔(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)是開發(fa)應用(yong)較早(zao)的(de)隔(ge)振技(ji)術(shu)之一，所用(yong)的(de)摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)材料(liao)多為沙(sha)石、石墨等(deng)廉價材料(liao)，標(biao)記經濟(ji)且簡(jian)單易行。摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)滑移隔(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)通(tong)常(chang)有(you)隔(ge)離地(di)(di)震(zhen)(zhen)作用(yong)的(de)摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)滑動(dong)機構(gou)和(he)限位(wei)復(fu)(fu)(fu)位(wei)的(de)阻(zu)尼向心機構(gou)組成，多為平(ping)面(mian)滑移隔(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)。該系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)不能自動(dong)復(fu)(fu)(fu)位(wei)，一般需要(yao)另外(wai)加(jia)設(she)復(fu)(fu)(fu)位(wei)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)，且滑動(dong)性能離散性大(da)、不易控制(zhi)，滑移量過大(da)可能導致穿(chuan)越(yue)隔(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)層的(de)非結(jie)構(gou)構(gou)件破壞，甚至可能發(fa)生滑移失穩(wen)(wen)，這極大(da)地(di)(di)阻(zu)礙(ai)了(le)(le)滑移隔(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)的(de)發(fa)展。為了(le)(le)解(jie)決平(ping)面(mian)滑移系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)不能自動(dong)復(fu)(fu)(fu)位(wei)問(wen)題，Zayas等(deng)于1985年在(zai)美國加(jia)州(zhou)大(da)學伯克利(li)分(fen)校研發(fa)了(le)(le)摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)擺隔(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)，稱之為摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)擺系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)/支座(Friction Pendilum System/Bearing,簡(jian)稱FPS/FPB)。該裝(zhuang)置(zhi)不僅具有(you)平(ping)面(mian)滑移隔(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的(de)對地(di)(di)震(zhen)(zhen)激勵頻率(lv)范(fan)圍的(de)低敏感性和(he)高穩(wen)(wen)定性，特有(you)的(de)圓弧滑動(dong)面(mian)還(huan)使其具有(you)復(fu)(fu)(fu)位(wei)功(gong)能，無需附(fu)設(she)阻(zu)尼向心機構(gou)，故而在(zai)實(shi)際應用(yong)中更為簡(jian)便(bian)，且增加(jia)了(le)(le)隔(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的(de)可靠(kao)度。
摩(mo)擦(ca)擺(bai)隔震支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)是將(jiang)傳統的平(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)滑(hua)(hua)移隔震裝置的摩(mo)擦(ca)滑(hua)(hua)移面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)由(you)平(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)改(gai)為球面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)，從(cong)(cong)而(er)可依靠自(zi)(zi)身重力自(zi)(zi)動(dong)回復。該支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)主要由(you)上、下支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)板和(he)一個鉸(jiao)接滑(hua)(hua)塊組成。摩(mo)擦(ca)擺(bai)隔震支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)嵌在滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)容腔中的鉸(jiao)接滑(hua)(hua)塊與滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)具有相同的曲(qu)率半徑(jing)，可與滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)完全貼合，并使(shi)(shi)上支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)在支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)時始終保(bao)持水平(ping)(ping)。滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上涂有低摩(mo)擦(ca)材(cai)料(liao)，如(ru)聚四氟(fu)乙烯(xi)（特氟(fu)龍(long)）等，可在滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)過程中耗散能(neng)量。當(dang)滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)界(jie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)受到的地震作用超過靜摩(mo)擦(ca)力時，地面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)水平(ping)(ping)運動(dong)會促使(shi)(shi)滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)在其圓弧面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)內(nei)滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)，從(cong)(cong)而(er)迫使(shi)(shi)上部結構(gou)輕微抬高(gao)，發(fa)生單擺(bai)運動(dong)。然后(hou)，支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)會在自(zi)(zi)身受到的豎向荷(he)載作用下自(zi)(zi)動(dong)回復。
摩擦(ca)擺(bai)隔(ge)震(zhen)支(zhi)座(zuo)的(de)水(shui)平力為滑(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)面摩擦(ca)力和上部結構沿滑(hua)道上升產生的(de)恢復(fu)力的(de)合力，而提供的(de)恢復(fu)力使支(zhi)座(zuo)能依靠(kao)其承受的(de)重(zhong)(zhong)力自動(dong)(dong)(dong)往中心位置回復(fu)，使地震(zhen)響應得到控制(zhi)，并且該(gai)支(zhi)座(zuo)的(de)剛度中心有自動(dong)(dong)(dong)與(yu)隔(ge)震(zhen)結構的(de)質心重(zhong)(zhong)合的(de)趨勢，因而能在更大 程(cheng)度上消除結構的(de)扭轉運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)。摩擦(ca)擺(bai)隔(ge)震(zhen)支(zhi)座(zuo)的(de)周(zhou)期、豎向承載力、阻(zu)尼比、側重(zhong)(zhong)位移和抗拉力等指(zhi)標可以進(jin)行單(dan)獨控制(zhi)，該(gai)特(te)性十分(fen)便(bian)于設(she)計人(ren)員(yuan)對隔(ge)震(zhen)系統進(jin)行優(you)化設(she)計。
