摩(mo)(mo)擦滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)是(shi)開發應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)較早的隔(ge)(ge)振技術之一(yi)，所用(yong)(yong)(yong)的摩(mo)(mo)擦材料(liao)多(duo)(duo)為(wei)沙(sha)石、石墨等廉(lian)價材料(liao)，標(biao)記經濟且簡單(dan)易行。摩(mo)(mo)擦滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)通常有(you)隔(ge)(ge)離地震(zhen)(zhen)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)的摩(mo)(mo)擦滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)構和限(xian)位(wei)復(fu)位(wei)的阻尼向心(xin)(xin)機(ji)構組(zu)成，多(duo)(duo)為(wei)平面滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)。該系(xi)(xi)統(tong)不能(neng)自(zi)動(dong)(dong)復(fu)位(wei)，一(yi)般需要另(ling)外加(jia)設(she)復(fu)位(wei)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)，且滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)性能(neng)離散(san)性大(da)、不易控(kong)制，滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)量(liang)過大(da)可(ke)能(neng)導(dao)致穿越隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)層的非結構構件破壞，甚至可(ke)能(neng)發生(sheng)滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)失穩，這極大(da)地阻礙了(le)(le)滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)的發展(zhan)。為(wei)了(le)(le)解決平面滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)不能(neng)自(zi)動(dong)(dong)復(fu)位(wei)問題，Zayas等于1985年在美國加(jia)州大(da)學伯克利分校(xiao)研(yan)發了(le)(le)摩(mo)(mo)擦擺(bai)隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)，稱之為(wei)摩(mo)(mo)擦擺(bai)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)/支座(Friction Pendilum System/Bearing,簡稱FPS/FPB)。該裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)不僅具(ju)有(you)平面滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)的對(dui)地震(zhen)(zhen)激勵頻率范圍(wei)的低敏(min)感(gan)性和高穩定性，特有(you)的圓弧滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)面還使其具(ju)有(you)復(fu)位(wei)功能(neng)，無需附設(she)阻尼向心(xin)(xin)機(ji)構，故而在實際應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)中更(geng)為(wei)簡便，且增加(jia)了(le)(le)隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)的可(ke)靠度。
摩擦(ca)擺(bai)隔震(zhen)支座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)是(shi)將傳統的平(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移隔震(zhen)裝(zhuang)置的摩擦(ca)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移面(mian)(mian)(mian)由(you)(you)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)改為球面(mian)(mian)(mian)，從(cong)而(er)可依靠自(zi)(zi)身重力自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)回復。該支座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)主要由(you)(you)上(shang)、下支座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)板和一個鉸接滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)塊組成。摩擦(ca)擺(bai)隔震(zhen)支座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)嵌在(zai)(zai)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)容(rong)腔中(zhong)的鉸接滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)塊與滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)具有相同的曲率半徑，可與滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)完全貼合，并使(shi)上(shang)支座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)在(zai)(zai)支座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)時始終(zhong)保持水平(ping)。滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)涂有低摩擦(ca)材料，如聚四氟乙烯（特氟龍）等，可在(zai)(zai)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)過(guo)程中(zhong)耗散能量。當(dang)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)界面(mian)(mian)(mian)受到(dao)的地(di)震(zhen)作用超過(guo)靜摩擦(ca)力時，地(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)水平(ping)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)會促使(shi)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)在(zai)(zai)其(qi)圓弧(hu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)內滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，從(cong)而(er)迫使(shi)上(shang)部(bu)結構(gou)輕微抬高，發生(sheng)單擺(bai)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。然后(hou)，支座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)會在(zai)(zai)自(zi)(zi)身受到(dao)的豎(shu)向荷載作用下自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)回復。
摩擦擺(bai)隔震(zhen)(zhen)支(zhi)(zhi)座的(de)水(shui)平力(li)(li)為滑動(dong)(dong)面摩擦力(li)(li)和上部(bu)結構沿滑道上升(sheng)產生(sheng)的(de)恢復(fu)力(li)(li)的(de)合力(li)(li)，而提供的(de)恢復(fu)力(li)(li)使(shi)支(zhi)(zhi)座能依靠(kao)其承(cheng)受的(de)重力(li)(li)自(zi)動(dong)(dong)往中心位(wei)置回復(fu)，使(shi)地(di)震(zhen)(zhen)響應得到控制，并且該支(zhi)(zhi)座的(de)剛度中心有自(zi)動(dong)(dong)與隔震(zhen)(zhen)結構的(de)質心重合的(de)趨勢(shi)，因而能在更(geng)大 程度上消除結構的(de)扭轉(zhuan)運動(dong)(dong)。摩擦擺(bai)隔震(zhen)(zhen)支(zhi)(zhi)座的(de)周期、豎向承(cheng)載力(li)(li)、阻尼比、側重位(wei)移和抗拉力(li)(li)等指(zhi)標(biao)可以(yi)進行(xing)單獨控制，該特(te)性十分(fen)便于設(she)計人員對隔震(zhen)(zhen)系統進行(xing)優化(hua)設(she)計。
