摩擦(ca)(ca)滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)是(shi)開發(fa)(fa)應用(yong)較早的(de)隔(ge)(ge)振技術之一，所用(yong)的(de)摩擦(ca)(ca)材(cai)料多(duo)為(wei)沙石、石墨等廉(lian)價材(cai)料，標記經濟且(qie)簡單(dan)易(yi)行。摩擦(ca)(ca)滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)通常有(you)隔(ge)(ge)離地震(zhen)(zhen)作用(yong)的(de)摩擦(ca)(ca)滑(hua)(hua)動機構(gou)和限(xian)位(wei)復位(wei)的(de)阻尼向心(xin)機構(gou)組(zu)成，多(duo)為(wei)平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)。該(gai)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)不(bu)能(neng)自動復位(wei)，一般需(xu)要另(ling)外加設復位(wei)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)，且(qie)滑(hua)(hua)動性能(neng)離散性大(da)、不(bu)易(yi)控制，滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)量過大(da)可能(neng)導致穿越隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)層的(de)非結(jie)構(gou)構(gou)件(jian)破(po)壞，甚至可能(neng)發(fa)(fa)生滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)失穩，這(zhe)極大(da)地阻礙了(le)滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)的(de)發(fa)(fa)展。為(wei)了(le)解決(jue)平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)不(bu)能(neng)自動復位(wei)問題，Zayas等于1985年在美國加州大(da)學(xue)伯克利分校研發(fa)(fa)了(le)摩擦(ca)(ca)擺隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)，稱(cheng)之為(wei)摩擦(ca)(ca)擺系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)/支(zhi)座(Friction Pendilum System/Bearing,簡稱(cheng)FPS/FPB)。該(gai)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)不(bu)僅具(ju)有(you)平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的(de)對地震(zhen)(zhen)激勵(li)頻率范圍的(de)低敏感性和高穩定性，特有(you)的(de)圓弧滑(hua)(hua)動面(mian)還使其(qi)具(ju)有(you)復位(wei)功能(neng)，無需(xu)附設阻尼向心(xin)機構(gou)，故而在實際應用(yong)中更為(wei)簡便，且(qie)增加了(le)隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的(de)可靠度。
摩(mo)擦擺(bai)(bai)隔震支(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)是將傳統的(de)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)隔震裝置的(de)摩(mo)擦滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)面(mian)(mian)由平(ping)面(mian)(mian)改為(wei)球面(mian)(mian)，從(cong)而可依(yi)靠自(zi)身重力自(zi)動(dong)(dong)回(hui)復。該(gai)支(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)主要由上(shang)、下支(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)板和一個鉸(jiao)接滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)塊(kuai)組成。摩(mo)擦擺(bai)(bai)隔震支(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)嵌在(zai)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)容腔中的(de)鉸(jiao)接滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)塊(kuai)與(yu)(yu)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)具(ju)有相同的(de)曲率半徑，可與(yu)(yu)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)完全貼(tie)合，并使(shi)(shi)上(shang)支(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)在(zai)支(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)時始終保持(chi)水平(ping)。滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)上(shang)涂有低摩(mo)擦材料，如聚四氟乙(yi)烯（特氟龍）等，可在(zai)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)過(guo)程中耗散能量。當(dang)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)界面(mian)(mian)受到(dao)的(de)地(di)(di)震作用超過(guo)靜摩(mo)擦力時，地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)水平(ping)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)會(hui)(hui)促使(shi)(shi)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)在(zai)其圓弧面(mian)(mian)內滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)，從(cong)而迫使(shi)(shi)上(shang)部結(jie)構輕微抬高，發生單擺(bai)(bai)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)。然后，支(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)會(hui)(hui)在(zai)自(zi)身受到(dao)的(de)豎(shu)向荷載作用下自(zi)動(dong)(dong)回(hui)復。
摩擦(ca)(ca)擺隔(ge)(ge)震支座的水平力為滑動(dong)面(mian)摩擦(ca)(ca)力和上(shang)部(bu)結構(gou)沿滑道上(shang)升產生的恢(hui)復力的合力，而提供的恢(hui)復力使(shi)支座能(neng)依靠其承(cheng)受(shou)的重(zhong)力自(zi)動(dong)往中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)位置回復，使(shi)地震響(xiang)應(ying)得到(dao)控制(zhi)，并且該(gai)支座的剛度中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)有自(zi)動(dong)與隔(ge)(ge)震結構(gou)的質心(xin)(xin)重(zhong)合的趨勢，因(yin)而能(neng)在更大 程度上(shang)消除(chu)結構(gou)的扭轉運動(dong)。摩擦(ca)(ca)擺隔(ge)(ge)震支座的周(zhou)期、豎向承(cheng)載力、阻尼比、側重(zhong)位移和抗拉力等(deng)指標可以進行單獨控制(zhi)，該(gai)特性十分便于設計人員對隔(ge)(ge)震系(xi)統進行優化(hua)設計。
