摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)隔(ge)震(zhen)是開發應用(yong)(yong)較早的(de)隔(ge)振技(ji)術之一(yi)，所用(yong)(yong)的(de)摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)材(cai)料多為沙石、石墨等廉(lian)價材(cai)料，標(biao)記經濟且(qie)簡單易(yi)行。摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)隔(ge)震(zhen)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)通(tong)常(chang)有(you)隔(ge)離地震(zhen)作用(yong)(yong)的(de)摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)構(gou)和限位(wei)復(fu)位(wei)的(de)阻尼(ni)向心(xin)機(ji)構(gou)組成(cheng)，多為平(ping)面(mian)滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)隔(ge)震(zhen)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)。該(gai)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)自動(dong)(dong)復(fu)位(wei)，一(yi)般需要另外加設復(fu)位(wei)裝置(zhi)(zhi)，且(qie)滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)離散性(xing)大、不(bu)(bu)易(yi)控制，滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)量過大可(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)導致穿越(yue)隔(ge)震(zhen)層的(de)非結(jie)構(gou)構(gou)件破壞，甚至可(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)發生滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)失(shi)穩，這極大地阻礙了(le)滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)隔(ge)震(zhen)的(de)發展。為了(le)解決平(ping)面(mian)滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)自動(dong)(dong)復(fu)位(wei)問題，Zayas等于(yu)1985年在(zai)美(mei)國加州大學(xue)伯克利分校研發了(le)摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)擺(bai)隔(ge)震(zhen)裝置(zhi)(zhi)，稱(cheng)之為摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)擺(bai)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)/支座(Friction Pendilum System/Bearing,簡稱(cheng)FPS/FPB)。該(gai)裝置(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)僅具(ju)有(you)平(ping)面(mian)滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)隔(ge)震(zhen)裝置(zhi)(zhi)的(de)對地震(zhen)激勵頻率范(fan)圍的(de)低敏感(gan)性(xing)和高穩定性(xing)，特有(you)的(de)圓(yuan)弧滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)面(mian)還使其(qi)具(ju)有(you)復(fu)位(wei)功能(neng)(neng)，無需附設阻尼(ni)向心(xin)機(ji)構(gou)，故而在(zai)實際應用(yong)(yong)中更為簡便，且(qie)增加了(le)隔(ge)震(zhen)裝置(zhi)(zhi)的(de)可(ke)(ke)靠度(du)。
摩(mo)擦(ca)擺(bai)隔震(zhen)支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)是將傳統的平(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移隔震(zhen)裝(zhuang)置的摩(mo)擦(ca)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移面(mian)(mian)(mian)由平(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)改為球面(mian)(mian)(mian)，從而(er)可依靠自(zi)(zi)身重力(li)(li)自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)回復。該支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)主要(yao)由上、下支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)板和一(yi)個鉸接(jie)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)塊組成。摩(mo)擦(ca)擺(bai)隔震(zhen)支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)嵌在(zai)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)容腔中(zhong)的鉸接(jie)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)塊與滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)具(ju)有相同的曲率半(ban)徑，可與滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)完全貼合，并使上支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)在(zai)支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)時(shi)始終保(bao)持水(shui)平(ping)。滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)上涂(tu)有低摩(mo)擦(ca)材(cai)料(liao)，如(ru)聚四氟乙烯（特氟龍）等(deng)，可在(zai)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)過程中(zhong)耗散能量(liang)。當滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)界(jie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)受到(dao)的地震(zhen)作(zuo)(zuo)用超過靜(jing)摩(mo)擦(ca)力(li)(li)時(shi)，地面(mian)(mian)(mian)水(shui)平(ping)運動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)會促使滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)在(zai)其(qi)圓弧(hu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)內(nei)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，從而(er)迫使上部結構輕微抬高，發生單擺(bai)運動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。然(ran)后，支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)會在(zai)自(zi)(zi)身受到(dao)的豎(shu)向荷載作(zuo)(zuo)用下自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)回復。
摩擦(ca)擺隔震(zhen)支(zhi)座(zuo)的(de)水平(ping)力(li)(li)(li)為滑(hua)動面(mian)摩擦(ca)力(li)(li)(li)和(he)上(shang)部結(jie)(jie)構沿滑(hua)道上(shang)升產生的(de)恢(hui)復(fu)(fu)力(li)(li)(li)的(de)合(he)力(li)(li)(li)，而(er)提供的(de)恢(hui)復(fu)(fu)力(li)(li)(li)使支(zhi)座(zuo)能依(yi)靠(kao)其承受的(de)重力(li)(li)(li)自動往中心(xin)位置回復(fu)(fu)，使地震(zhen)響應(ying)得到(dao)控制(zhi)，并(bing)且該(gai)支(zhi)座(zuo)的(de)剛度(du)中心(xin)有自動與隔震(zhen)結(jie)(jie)構的(de)質心(xin)重合(he)的(de)趨(qu)勢，因而(er)能在更大(da) 程度(du)上(shang)消(xiao)除結(jie)(jie)構的(de)扭轉運動。摩擦(ca)擺隔震(zhen)支(zhi)座(zuo)的(de)周期、豎(shu)向承載力(li)(li)(li)、阻尼比、側重位移和(he)抗拉力(li)(li)(li)等指(zhi)標可(ke)以進行單獨控制(zhi)，該(gai)特性十分便(bian)于設(she)計人員(yuan)對隔震(zhen)系統(tong)進行優化(hua)設(she)計。
