摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)滑移(yi)(yi)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)是開(kai)發(fa)應用較早(zao)的(de)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)振技術之一，所用的(de)摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)材料多為(wei)沙石、石墨等廉(lian)價材料，標記經濟且(qie)簡(jian)(jian)單易行。摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)滑移(yi)(yi)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)系統(tong)(tong)通常(chang)有(you)(you)(you)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)離地(di)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)作用的(de)摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)滑動機構(gou)(gou)和限位(wei)復(fu)位(wei)的(de)阻尼向(xiang)心機構(gou)(gou)組成，多為(wei)平(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)滑移(yi)(yi)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)系統(tong)(tong)。該系統(tong)(tong)不(bu)能自動復(fu)位(wei)，一般需(xu)要另(ling)外加(jia)設復(fu)位(wei)裝置(zhi)(zhi)，且(qie)滑動性能離散性大(da)(da)、不(bu)易控制，滑移(yi)(yi)量(liang)過大(da)(da)可(ke)能導(dao)致穿(chuan)越隔(ge)(ge)(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)層(ceng)的(de)非結(jie)構(gou)(gou)構(gou)(gou)件(jian)破(po)壞，甚至可(ke)能發(fa)生滑移(yi)(yi)失穩(wen)，這極(ji)大(da)(da)地(di)阻礙了滑移(yi)(yi)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)。為(wei)了解決平(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)滑移(yi)(yi)系統(tong)(tong)不(bu)能自動復(fu)位(wei)問(wen)題(ti)，Zayas等于1985年在美(mei)國加(jia)州大(da)(da)學伯克(ke)利分校(xiao)研(yan)發(fa)了摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)擺隔(ge)(ge)(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)裝置(zhi)(zhi)，稱(cheng)之為(wei)摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)擺系統(tong)(tong)/支(zhi)座(zuo)(Friction Pendilum System/Bearing,簡(jian)(jian)稱(cheng)FPS/FPB)。該裝置(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)僅(jin)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)平(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)滑移(yi)(yi)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)裝置(zhi)(zhi)的(de)對地(di)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)激(ji)勵頻率范(fan)圍的(de)低(di)敏(min)感性和高穩(wen)定性，特有(you)(you)(you)的(de)圓(yuan)弧滑動面(mian)(mian)還(huan)使其具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)復(fu)位(wei)功能，無(wu)需(xu)附(fu)設阻尼向(xiang)心機構(gou)(gou)，故(gu)而在實際應用中更為(wei)簡(jian)(jian)便，且(qie)增(zeng)加(jia)了隔(ge)(ge)(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)裝置(zhi)(zhi)的(de)可(ke)靠度。
摩擦(ca)(ca)擺(bai)隔震(zhen)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)是將傳(chuan)統的(de)(de)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移隔震(zhen)裝置的(de)(de)摩擦(ca)(ca)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)由(you)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)改為球面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)，從而可(ke)(ke)依(yi)靠自(zi)身(shen)重力(li)自(zi)動(dong)回復。該支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)主要由(you)上、下支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)板和(he)一個(ge)鉸接滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)塊組成。摩擦(ca)(ca)擺(bai)隔震(zhen)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)嵌(qian)在(zai)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)容腔中的(de)(de)鉸接滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)塊與滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)具有(you)相(xiang)同的(de)(de)曲率半徑，可(ke)(ke)與滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)完全貼合，并使(shi)(shi)(shi)上支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)在(zai)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)時始(shi)終保持水平(ping)。滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上涂有(you)低摩擦(ca)(ca)材料，如聚四氟乙(yi)烯（特氟龍）等，可(ke)(ke)在(zai)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)過(guo)程中耗散能量(liang)。當滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)界面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)受到的(de)(de)地(di)震(zhen)作用超過(guo)靜摩擦(ca)(ca)力(li)時，地(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)水平(ping)運動(dong)會促使(shi)(shi)(shi)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)在(zai)其圓弧面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)內滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)，從而迫使(shi)(shi)(shi)上部結構輕微抬高(gao)，發生單擺(bai)運動(dong)。然后，支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)會在(zai)自(zi)身(shen)受到的(de)(de)豎(shu)向荷載作用下自(zi)動(dong)回復。
摩擦(ca)擺(bai)隔震(zhen)支(zhi)座的水(shui)平(ping)力為滑(hua)動(dong)(dong)面摩擦(ca)力和(he)上部結(jie)(jie)構(gou)沿滑(hua)道上升(sheng)產生(sheng)的恢(hui)復力的合力，而(er)提供的恢(hui)復力使支(zhi)座能(neng)依(yi)靠其承受(shou)的重力自動(dong)(dong)往中(zhong)心位置回復，使地震(zhen)響(xiang)應得到控(kong)制，并且該(gai)支(zhi)座的剛度(du)中(zhong)心有自動(dong)(dong)與隔震(zhen)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)的質心重合的趨勢，因而(er)能(neng)在更大 程度(du)上消除結(jie)(jie)構(gou)的扭轉運動(dong)(dong)。摩擦(ca)擺(bai)隔震(zhen)支(zhi)座的周期、豎(shu)向承載力、阻尼比、側重位移(yi)和(he)抗(kang)拉力等指標可以(yi)進行(xing)單獨(du)控(kong)制，該(gai)特性十分便于(yu)設計(ji)人員(yuan)對隔震(zhen)系統進行(xing)優化設計(ji)。
