摩擦(ca)(ca)滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)(yi)隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)是開(kai)發(fa)應用(yong)較早的(de)隔(ge)(ge)振技術(shu)之一，所用(yong)的(de)摩擦(ca)(ca)材(cai)料多(duo)為(wei)沙石(shi)、石(shi)墨等廉價材(cai)料，標記經濟(ji)且(qie)(qie)簡單(dan)易行。摩擦(ca)(ca)滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)(yi)隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)通常(chang)有隔(ge)(ge)離地(di)(di)震(zhen)作用(yong)的(de)摩擦(ca)(ca)滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)機構(gou)和限位(wei)復位(wei)的(de)阻(zu)尼(ni)向心機構(gou)組成，多(duo)為(wei)平面(mian)滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)(yi)隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。該系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)自動(dong)(dong)復位(wei)，一般需要(yao)另外加(jia)設復位(wei)裝置(zhi)，且(qie)(qie)滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)離散性(xing)大(da)、不(bu)(bu)易控制，滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)(yi)量過大(da)可(ke)能(neng)(neng)導(dao)致穿越(yue)隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)層(ceng)的(de)非結構(gou)構(gou)件破壞，甚至可(ke)能(neng)(neng)發(fa)生(sheng)滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)(yi)失穩，這(zhe)極大(da)地(di)(di)阻(zu)礙了滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)(yi)隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)的(de)發(fa)展。為(wei)了解(jie)決平面(mian)滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)(yi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)自動(dong)(dong)復位(wei)問題，Zayas等于(yu)1985年在美(mei)國加(jia)州大(da)學伯克利分校研(yan)發(fa)了摩擦(ca)(ca)擺(bai)隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)裝置(zhi)，稱之為(wei)摩擦(ca)(ca)擺(bai)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)/支座(Friction Pendilum System/Bearing,簡稱FPS/FPB)。該裝置(zhi)不(bu)(bu)僅具有平面(mian)滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)(yi)隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)裝置(zhi)的(de)對地(di)(di)震(zhen)激勵(li)頻率范圍的(de)低敏感(gan)性(xing)和高穩定性(xing)，特有的(de)圓弧滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)面(mian)還使(shi)其具有復位(wei)功能(neng)(neng)，無需附設阻(zu)尼(ni)向心機構(gou)，故而在實際應用(yong)中更為(wei)簡便(bian)，且(qie)(qie)增加(jia)了隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)裝置(zhi)的(de)可(ke)靠度。
摩(mo)擦擺(bai)(bai)隔震支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)是將傳統的平面(mian)(mian)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移隔震裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的摩(mo)擦滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移面(mian)(mian)由平面(mian)(mian)改為球面(mian)(mian)，從而可(ke)(ke)依靠自(zi)身重力自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)回復。該支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)主(zhu)要由上(shang)、下(xia)支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)板和一(yi)個鉸接(jie)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)塊(kuai)組成。摩(mo)擦擺(bai)(bai)隔震支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)嵌在(zai)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)容腔(qiang)中的鉸接(jie)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)塊(kuai)與滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)具有(you)相同的曲率半(ban)徑，可(ke)(ke)與滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)完(wan)全貼(tie)合，并使上(shang)支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)在(zai)支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)時(shi)始(shi)終保持水平。滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)上(shang)涂有(you)低摩(mo)擦材料(liao)，如(ru)聚四氟乙烯（特氟龍）等，可(ke)(ke)在(zai)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)過(guo)程中耗散能量。當滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)界面(mian)(mian)受到的地震作用超過(guo)靜摩(mo)擦力時(shi)，地面(mian)(mian)水平運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)會促使滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)在(zai)其圓弧面(mian)(mian)內滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，從而迫使上(shang)部結構(gou)輕微(wei)抬高，發生(sheng)單擺(bai)(bai)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。然(ran)后，支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)會在(zai)自(zi)身受到的豎向荷載作用下(xia)自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)回復。
摩擦(ca)(ca)擺(bai)(bai)隔(ge)震(zhen)支(zhi)座(zuo)的(de)水平力(li)(li)為滑動面摩擦(ca)(ca)力(li)(li)和上(shang)部結構(gou)沿滑道上(shang)升產生的(de)恢復力(li)(li)的(de)合(he)力(li)(li)，而提供的(de)恢復力(li)(li)使支(zhi)座(zuo)能依靠其承受的(de)重力(li)(li)自動往中心位置回復，使地震(zhen)響應得(de)到控制(zhi)，并且該支(zhi)座(zuo)的(de)剛度(du)中心有自動與隔(ge)震(zhen)結構(gou)的(de)質心重合(he)的(de)趨(qu)勢，因(yin)而能在更大(da) 程度(du)上(shang)消除結構(gou)的(de)扭轉(zhuan)運(yun)動。摩擦(ca)(ca)擺(bai)(bai)隔(ge)震(zhen)支(zhi)座(zuo)的(de)周(zhou)期(qi)、豎向承載力(li)(li)、阻尼比、側重位移(yi)和抗拉力(li)(li)等指標可以進行單(dan)獨控制(zhi)，該特性十分便于設計人員對隔(ge)震(zhen)系統進行優化設計。
