摩(mo)(mo)(mo)擦滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)(yi)隔(ge)(ge)震是開發應(ying)用(yong)較早(zao)的(de)(de)隔(ge)(ge)振技術之(zhi)一，所用(yong)的(de)(de)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)擦材料多(duo)(duo)為(wei)沙(sha)石、石墨等廉(lian)價材料，標記(ji)經濟且(qie)簡(jian)單易(yi)行。摩(mo)(mo)(mo)擦滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)(yi)隔(ge)(ge)震系統通常有(you)隔(ge)(ge)離(li)地(di)震作用(yong)的(de)(de)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)擦滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)和(he)限位(wei)復(fu)位(wei)的(de)(de)阻尼向心(xin)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)組成，多(duo)(duo)為(wei)平(ping)面(mian)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)(yi)隔(ge)(ge)震系統。該系統不能(neng)(neng)自動(dong)復(fu)位(wei)，一般需(xu)要另外(wai)加(jia)設(she)復(fu)位(wei)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置，且(qie)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)離(li)散(san)性(xing)大、不易(yi)控制，滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)(yi)量過大可(ke)能(neng)(neng)導致穿越隔(ge)(ge)震層的(de)(de)非結構(gou)(gou)構(gou)(gou)件破壞，甚至可(ke)能(neng)(neng)發生滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)(yi)失穩，這極大地(di)阻礙了(le)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)(yi)隔(ge)(ge)震的(de)(de)發展。為(wei)了(le)解決平(ping)面(mian)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)(yi)系統不能(neng)(neng)自動(dong)復(fu)位(wei)問題，Zayas等于(yu)1985年在美國(guo)加(jia)州(zhou)大學伯克(ke)利分校研發了(le)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)擦擺隔(ge)(ge)震裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置，稱(cheng)之(zhi)為(wei)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)擦擺系統/支座(Friction Pendilum System/Bearing,簡(jian)稱(cheng)FPS/FPB)。該裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置不僅具(ju)有(you)平(ping)面(mian)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)(yi)隔(ge)(ge)震裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置的(de)(de)對地(di)震激勵頻率范圍的(de)(de)低(di)敏感(gan)性(xing)和(he)高穩定性(xing)，特有(you)的(de)(de)圓弧(hu)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)面(mian)還使(shi)其具(ju)有(you)復(fu)位(wei)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)，無需(xu)附設(she)阻尼向心(xin)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)，故(gu)而在實際應(ying)用(yong)中更為(wei)簡(jian)便，且(qie)增(zeng)加(jia)了(le)隔(ge)(ge)震裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置的(de)(de)可(ke)靠(kao)度。
摩(mo)(mo)擦擺隔(ge)震(zhen)支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)是將傳統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)平面(mian)(mian)(mian)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移隔(ge)震(zhen)裝置的(de)(de)(de)摩(mo)(mo)擦滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移面(mian)(mian)(mian)由平面(mian)(mian)(mian)改為(wei)球面(mian)(mian)(mian)，從(cong)而可(ke)依靠自身重力自動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)回復。該支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)主要由上(shang)、下(xia)支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)板和(he)一個(ge)鉸(jiao)接(jie)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)塊(kuai)組成(cheng)。摩(mo)(mo)擦擺隔(ge)震(zhen)支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)嵌在(zai)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)容腔中的(de)(de)(de)鉸(jiao)接(jie)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)塊(kuai)與(yu)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)具有相同的(de)(de)(de)曲率(lv)半徑，可(ke)與(yu)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)完全貼合，并使(shi)(shi)上(shang)支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)在(zai)支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)時(shi)始終保持水平。滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)涂有低摩(mo)(mo)擦材料，如聚四氟乙烯（特氟龍(long)）等，可(ke)在(zai)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)過程中耗散能(neng)量。當(dang)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)界(jie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)受(shou)到的(de)(de)(de)地震(zhen)作(zuo)用(yong)超過靜摩(mo)(mo)擦力時(shi)，地面(mian)(mian)(mian)水平運動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)會促使(shi)(shi)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)在(zai)其(qi)圓弧面(mian)(mian)(mian)內滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，從(cong)而迫使(shi)(shi)上(shang)部(bu)結構輕微抬高，發(fa)生單擺運動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。然后(hou)，支(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)會在(zai)自身受(shou)到的(de)(de)(de)豎向荷載作(zuo)用(yong)下(xia)自動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)回復。
摩(mo)擦(ca)擺(bai)(bai)隔震(zhen)(zhen)支(zhi)座(zuo)的水平力(li)為(wei)滑動(dong)面摩(mo)擦(ca)力(li)和上部結構沿(yan)滑道上升產生的恢復力(li)的合(he)力(li)，而提供(gong)的恢復力(li)使支(zhi)座(zuo)能依靠其承受的重(zhong)力(li)自動(dong)往中(zhong)心(xin)位置回復，使地震(zhen)(zhen)響(xiang)應得到控制，并且該支(zhi)座(zuo)的剛度中(zhong)心(xin)有(you)自動(dong)與隔震(zhen)(zhen)結構的質心(xin)重(zhong)合(he)的趨(qu)勢，因而能在(zai)更(geng)大 程度上消除結構的扭轉運(yun)動(dong)。摩(mo)擦(ca)擺(bai)(bai)隔震(zhen)(zhen)支(zhi)座(zuo)的周期、豎向(xiang)承載力(li)、阻尼(ni)比、側重(zhong)位移和抗拉力(li)等指(zhi)標(biao)可(ke)以進(jin)行單獨控制，該特性(xing)十分便于設(she)計(ji)人員對隔震(zhen)(zhen)系統進(jin)行優化設(she)計(ji)。
