摩(mo)擦(ca)滑(hua)移隔(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)是(shi)開發應(ying)用(yong)(yong)較早(zao)的隔(ge)振技術之一，所用(yong)(yong)的摩(mo)擦(ca)材料多(duo)為(wei)沙石、石墨(mo)等廉(lian)價材料，標記(ji)經濟且簡單易行。摩(mo)擦(ca)滑(hua)移隔(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)系(xi)統(tong)通(tong)常有隔(ge)離地震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)作用(yong)(yong)的摩(mo)擦(ca)滑(hua)動機(ji)構(gou)和(he)限位(wei)復(fu)位(wei)的阻尼向(xiang)(xiang)心機(ji)構(gou)組成，多(duo)為(wei)平(ping)面(mian)滑(hua)移隔(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)系(xi)統(tong)。該系(xi)統(tong)不(bu)(bu)能自動復(fu)位(wei)，一般需要(yao)另(ling)外(wai)加設復(fu)位(wei)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)，且滑(hua)動性(xing)能離散性(xing)大、不(bu)(bu)易控制，滑(hua)移量過大可能導(dao)致穿越隔(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)層的非結構(gou)構(gou)件破壞，甚至可能發生滑(hua)移失(shi)穩(wen)，這極大地阻礙(ai)了(le)(le)滑(hua)移隔(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)的發展。為(wei)了(le)(le)解決平(ping)面(mian)滑(hua)移系(xi)統(tong)不(bu)(bu)能自動復(fu)位(wei)問題，Zayas等于1985年在美國加州大學伯克利分校研發了(le)(le)摩(mo)擦(ca)擺隔(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)，稱之為(wei)摩(mo)擦(ca)擺系(xi)統(tong)/支座(zuo)(Friction Pendilum System/Bearing,簡稱FPS/FPB)。該裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)僅具有平(ping)面(mian)滑(hua)移隔(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)的對(dui)地震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)激勵頻率范圍的低(di)敏(min)感性(xing)和(he)高穩(wen)定性(xing)，特(te)有的圓弧滑(hua)動面(mian)還使其具有復(fu)位(wei)功(gong)能，無需附(fu)設阻尼向(xiang)(xiang)心機(ji)構(gou)，故而在實際應(ying)用(yong)(yong)中(zhong)更為(wei)簡便，且增加了(le)(le)隔(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)的可靠度。
摩(mo)擦擺(bai)(bai)隔(ge)震(zhen)支(zhi)座(zuo)是(shi)將(jiang)傳統的(de)平面(mian)(mian)(mian)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移隔(ge)震(zhen)裝置的(de)摩(mo)擦滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移面(mian)(mian)(mian)由平面(mian)(mian)(mian)改為(wei)球(qiu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)，從(cong)而可依靠(kao)自身(shen)重(zhong)力自動(dong)(dong)回復。該支(zhi)座(zuo)主要由上(shang)、下(xia)支(zhi)座(zuo)板和一個鉸接滑(hua)(hua)(hua)塊組成。摩(mo)擦擺(bai)(bai)隔(ge)震(zhen)支(zhi)座(zuo)嵌(qian)在(zai)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)容腔中(zhong)的(de)鉸接滑(hua)(hua)(hua)塊與(yu)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)具有相同的(de)曲率半徑，可與(yu)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)完全貼(tie)合(he)，并使上(shang)支(zhi)座(zuo)在(zai)支(zhi)座(zuo)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)時始(shi)終(zhong)保持水平。滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)涂有低摩(mo)擦材料，如聚四氟(fu)乙烯（特氟(fu)龍）等(deng)，可在(zai)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)過程中(zhong)耗(hao)散能量(liang)。當(dang)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)界面(mian)(mian)(mian)受到的(de)地震(zhen)作用超過靜摩(mo)擦力時，地面(mian)(mian)(mian)水平運動(dong)(dong)會促使滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)在(zai)其(qi)圓弧(hu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)內滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)，從(cong)而迫(po)使上(shang)部結構輕(qing)微抬高，發生單擺(bai)(bai)運動(dong)(dong)。然后，支(zhi)座(zuo)會在(zai)自身(shen)受到的(de)豎向荷載作用下(xia)自動(dong)(dong)回復。
摩(mo)擦擺隔震(zhen)支(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)水平力(li)為滑動面(mian)摩(mo)擦力(li)和(he)(he)上(shang)(shang)部結構沿(yan)滑道上(shang)(shang)升產生的(de)(de)恢復力(li)的(de)(de)合力(li)，而提供的(de)(de)恢復力(li)使支(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)能依(yi)靠其承(cheng)受的(de)(de)重(zhong)力(li)自(zi)動往中(zhong)心(xin)位置回復，使地(di)震(zhen)響應得到(dao)控制(zhi)，并且該(gai)支(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)剛(gang)度中(zhong)心(xin)有自(zi)動與隔震(zhen)結構的(de)(de)質(zhi)心(xin)重(zhong)合的(de)(de)趨(qu)勢，因而能在更(geng)大 程(cheng)度上(shang)(shang)消(xiao)除結構的(de)(de)扭轉運(yun)動。摩(mo)擦擺隔震(zhen)支(zhi)座(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)周期、豎向(xiang)承(cheng)載力(li)、阻尼比、側重(zhong)位移和(he)(he)抗拉力(li)等指標(biao)可以進(jin)(jin)行(xing)單獨(du)控制(zhi)，該(gai)特性十分便于設計人員對(dui)隔震(zhen)系統進(jin)(jin)行(xing)優化設計。
