摩擦(ca)(ca)(ca)滑(hua)移隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)是開發(fa)應用較(jiao)早的(de)(de)隔(ge)(ge)振技(ji)術之(zhi)一，所用的(de)(de)摩擦(ca)(ca)(ca)材(cai)料多(duo)為(wei)沙石、石墨(mo)等廉價材(cai)料，標(biao)記(ji)經濟(ji)且簡(jian)單易行。摩擦(ca)(ca)(ca)滑(hua)移隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)系(xi)統(tong)通(tong)常(chang)有隔(ge)(ge)離地(di)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)作用的(de)(de)摩擦(ca)(ca)(ca)滑(hua)動(dong)機構(gou)(gou)(gou)和限位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)復位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)阻尼(ni)向(xiang)心(xin)(xin)機構(gou)(gou)(gou)組成，多(duo)為(wei)平面(mian)(mian)(mian)滑(hua)移隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)系(xi)統(tong)。該(gai)(gai)系(xi)統(tong)不能(neng)(neng)自動(dong)復位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，一般需(xu)要另外加設(she)(she)復位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)裝置(zhi)，且滑(hua)動(dong)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)離散性(xing)大(da)、不易控制，滑(hua)移量(liang)過大(da)可能(neng)(neng)導(dao)致(zhi)穿越(yue)隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)層的(de)(de)非結構(gou)(gou)(gou)構(gou)(gou)(gou)件(jian)破壞，甚至可能(neng)(neng)發(fa)生滑(hua)移失穩(wen)(wen)，這極大(da)地(di)阻礙了(le)滑(hua)移隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)的(de)(de)發(fa)展。為(wei)了(le)解決平面(mian)(mian)(mian)滑(hua)移系(xi)統(tong)不能(neng)(neng)自動(dong)復位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)問題(ti)，Zayas等于1985年在美國(guo)加州大(da)學伯克利分校研發(fa)了(le)摩擦(ca)(ca)(ca)擺隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)裝置(zhi)，稱之(zhi)為(wei)摩擦(ca)(ca)(ca)擺系(xi)統(tong)/支座(zuo)(Friction Pendilum System/Bearing,簡(jian)稱FPS/FPB)。該(gai)(gai)裝置(zhi)不僅(jin)具(ju)有平面(mian)(mian)(mian)滑(hua)移隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)裝置(zhi)的(de)(de)對地(di)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)激勵頻率(lv)范圍的(de)(de)低敏感性(xing)和高穩(wen)(wen)定性(xing)，特有的(de)(de)圓弧滑(hua)動(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)還(huan)使其具(ju)有復位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)功能(neng)(neng)，無需(xu)附設(she)(she)阻尼(ni)向(xiang)心(xin)(xin)機構(gou)(gou)(gou)，故而(er)在實際(ji)應用中更為(wei)簡(jian)便(bian)，且增加了(le)隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)裝置(zhi)的(de)(de)可靠度(du)。
摩(mo)(mo)擦擺隔震(zhen)支(zhi)座是將傳統的(de)(de)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移隔震(zhen)裝(zhuang)置的(de)(de)摩(mo)(mo)擦滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移面(mian)(mian)(mian)由(you)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)改(gai)為球面(mian)(mian)(mian)，從而(er)可依靠自(zi)身(shen)(shen)重力自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)回(hui)復。該支(zhi)座主要(yao)由(you)上(shang)(shang)、下(xia)支(zhi)座板和(he)一個鉸(jiao)接(jie)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)塊組成。摩(mo)(mo)擦擺隔震(zhen)支(zhi)座嵌在(zai)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)容(rong)腔中的(de)(de)鉸(jiao)接(jie)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)塊與滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)具有相同的(de)(de)曲(qu)率半徑，可與滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)完(wan)全貼合，并使(shi)上(shang)(shang)支(zhi)座在(zai)支(zhi)座滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)時(shi)始終保持水平(ping)。滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)(shang)涂有低摩(mo)(mo)擦材料，如聚四(si)氟(fu)乙烯（特(te)氟(fu)龍(long)）等，可在(zai)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)過程中耗散能量。當(dang)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)界面(mian)(mian)(mian)受(shou)到(dao)的(de)(de)地震(zhen)作用(yong)超過靜摩(mo)(mo)擦力時(shi)，地面(mian)(mian)(mian)水平(ping)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)會促使(shi)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)在(zai)其圓弧(hu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)內滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，從而(er)迫使(shi)上(shang)(shang)部(bu)結構(gou)輕微(wei)抬高，發生單擺運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。然(ran)后(hou)，支(zhi)座會在(zai)自(zi)身(shen)(shen)受(shou)到(dao)的(de)(de)豎向(xiang)荷載作用(yong)下(xia)自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)回(hui)復。
摩擦擺(bai)隔(ge)震支座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)水平力為滑動面摩擦力和(he)上部結構沿(yan)滑道上升產(chan)生的(de)恢復力的(de)合力，而(er)提供的(de)恢復力使支座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)能(neng)(neng)依靠其(qi)承受的(de)重(zhong)力自動往中(zhong)心(xin)位置回復，使地震響應得(de)到(dao)控制，并且該(gai)支座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)剛度中(zhong)心(xin)有(you)自動與隔(ge)震結構的(de)質(zhi)心(xin)重(zhong)合的(de)趨勢，因而(er)能(neng)(neng)在更大(da) 程度上消除結構的(de)扭轉(zhuan)運動。摩擦擺(bai)隔(ge)震支座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)周期、豎向承載力、阻尼(ni)比(bi)、側重(zhong)位移和(he)抗拉力等指標可以(yi)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)單獨控制，該(gai)特(te)性(xing)十(shi)分(fen)便于(yu)設計(ji)人員對隔(ge)震系統進(jin)(jin)行(xing)優(you)化設計(ji)。
