摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)滑移隔(ge)震是開發(fa)應用較早的(de)隔(ge)振技術之一，所用的(de)摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)材(cai)料多為(wei)(wei)沙(sha)石、石墨等(deng)廉(lian)價材(cai)料，標記經濟且(qie)簡(jian)單易行(xing)。摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)滑移隔(ge)震系(xi)統(tong)(tong)通(tong)常有(you)隔(ge)離(li)地震作用的(de)摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)滑動(dong)機構(gou)和限位復(fu)位的(de)阻(zu)(zu)尼向心機構(gou)組成，多為(wei)(wei)平面滑移隔(ge)震系(xi)統(tong)(tong)。該系(xi)統(tong)(tong)不能(neng)(neng)自(zi)動(dong)復(fu)位，一般需要另外加(jia)(jia)設復(fu)位裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)，且(qie)滑動(dong)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)離(li)散性(xing)大、不易控制，滑移量過大可(ke)能(neng)(neng)導致(zhi)穿越隔(ge)震層的(de)非(fei)結構(gou)構(gou)件破(po)壞(huai)，甚至可(ke)能(neng)(neng)發(fa)生滑移失穩(wen)，這極大地阻(zu)(zu)礙了(le)(le)滑移隔(ge)震的(de)發(fa)展。為(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)解決(jue)平面滑移系(xi)統(tong)(tong)不能(neng)(neng)自(zi)動(dong)復(fu)位問題，Zayas等(deng)于(yu)1985年在美國加(jia)(jia)州大學伯克利分校(xiao)研發(fa)了(le)(le)摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)擺隔(ge)震裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)，稱(cheng)之為(wei)(wei)摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)擺系(xi)統(tong)(tong)/支座(Friction Pendilum System/Bearing,簡(jian)稱(cheng)FPS/FPB)。該裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)不僅(jin)具有(you)平面滑移隔(ge)震裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)的(de)對地震激勵(li)頻率范圍的(de)低敏感性(xing)和高穩(wen)定性(xing)，特有(you)的(de)圓弧(hu)滑動(dong)面還使其具有(you)復(fu)位功能(neng)(neng)，無需附設阻(zu)(zu)尼向心機構(gou)，故而在實(shi)際應用中(zhong)更(geng)為(wei)(wei)簡(jian)便，且(qie)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)了(le)(le)隔(ge)震裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)的(de)可(ke)靠度。
摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)擺隔(ge)震支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)是將傳(chuan)統的(de)(de)平面(mian)(mian)(mian)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)隔(ge)震裝置的(de)(de)摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)面(mian)(mian)(mian)由(you)(you)平面(mian)(mian)(mian)改為球面(mian)(mian)(mian)，從(cong)(cong)而(er)可依靠自身重力自動(dong)(dong)(dong)回復。該支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)主要(yao)由(you)(you)上(shang)(shang)、下(xia)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)板和(he)一個鉸接滑(hua)(hua)(hua)塊(kuai)組成。摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)擺隔(ge)震支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)嵌在(zai)(zai)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)容腔中(zhong)的(de)(de)鉸接滑(hua)(hua)(hua)塊(kuai)與滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)具有相同的(de)(de)曲率半徑，可與滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)完全(quan)貼(tie)合，并(bing)使(shi)上(shang)(shang)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)在(zai)(zai)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)時始終保持水平。滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)(shang)涂有低(di)摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)材料，如聚四氟(fu)乙烯(xi)（特氟(fu)龍）等，可在(zai)(zai)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)過(guo)程中(zhong)耗(hao)散能量(liang)。當(dang)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)界面(mian)(mian)(mian)受到(dao)的(de)(de)地震作用(yong)超過(guo)靜摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)力時，地面(mian)(mian)(mian)水平運動(dong)(dong)(dong)會促使(shi)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)在(zai)(zai)其圓(yuan)弧面(mian)(mian)(mian)內滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)，從(cong)(cong)而(er)迫使(shi)上(shang)(shang)部結構輕微抬高，發生單擺運動(dong)(dong)(dong)。然后(hou)，支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)座(zuo)會在(zai)(zai)自身受到(dao)的(de)(de)豎(shu)向荷載作用(yong)下(xia)自動(dong)(dong)(dong)回復。
摩擦(ca)擺(bai)隔震(zhen)支座(zuo)的(de)(de)水平力為滑(hua)動(dong)面摩擦(ca)力和(he)上(shang)部結構沿滑(hua)道(dao)上(shang)升產生的(de)(de)恢復(fu)力的(de)(de)合力，而提供的(de)(de)恢復(fu)力使支座(zuo)能依靠(kao)其承(cheng)受的(de)(de)重(zhong)力自動(dong)往中心位置回(hui)復(fu)，使地(di)震(zhen)響應得到控(kong)制，并且該(gai)支座(zuo)的(de)(de)剛度中心有自動(dong)與(yu)隔震(zhen)結構的(de)(de)質心重(zhong)合的(de)(de)趨勢，因而能在(zai)更大(da) 程(cheng)度上(shang)消(xiao)除結構的(de)(de)扭轉運動(dong)。摩擦(ca)擺(bai)隔震(zhen)支座(zuo)的(de)(de)周(zhou)期、豎(shu)向(xiang)承(cheng)載(zai)力、阻尼比、側重(zhong)位移(yi)和(he)抗拉(la)力等指標可以進行單獨控(kong)制，該(gai)特性十分便于(yu)設(she)計人員對隔震(zhen)系統進行優化設(she)計。
