摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)滑(hua)移(yi)(yi)隔震(zhen)(zhen)是(shi)開發(fa)應用(yong)較早(zao)的(de)(de)隔振(zhen)技(ji)術之一，所(suo)用(yong)的(de)(de)摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)材料(liao)(liao)多為(wei)沙石、石墨等廉價材料(liao)(liao)，標記(ji)經濟且(qie)簡單易行。摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)滑(hua)移(yi)(yi)隔震(zhen)(zhen)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)通常(chang)有(you)(you)(you)隔離地震(zhen)(zhen)作用(yong)的(de)(de)摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)滑(hua)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)和限(xian)位復位的(de)(de)阻(zu)(zu)尼向心(xin)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)組(zu)成，多為(wei)平(ping)(ping)面(mian)滑(hua)移(yi)(yi)隔震(zhen)(zhen)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)。該(gai)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)不(bu)能(neng)(neng)自(zi)(zi)動(dong)復位，一般需(xu)要另外加(jia)(jia)設(she)復位裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置，且(qie)滑(hua)動(dong)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)離散性(xing)(xing)大、不(bu)易控(kong)制，滑(hua)移(yi)(yi)量過大可能(neng)(neng)導致穿越隔震(zhen)(zhen)層的(de)(de)非結構(gou)構(gou)件破(po)壞，甚(shen)至可能(neng)(neng)發(fa)生滑(hua)移(yi)(yi)失穩，這(zhe)極大地阻(zu)(zu)礙(ai)了滑(hua)移(yi)(yi)隔震(zhen)(zhen)的(de)(de)發(fa)展。為(wei)了解決平(ping)(ping)面(mian)滑(hua)移(yi)(yi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)不(bu)能(neng)(neng)自(zi)(zi)動(dong)復位問題，Zayas等于(yu)1985年在美國加(jia)(jia)州大學伯克利分校研發(fa)了摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)擺隔震(zhen)(zhen)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置，稱(cheng)之為(wei)摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)擺系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)/支座(Friction Pendilum System/Bearing,簡稱(cheng)FPS/FPB)。該(gai)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置不(bu)僅具有(you)(you)(you)平(ping)(ping)面(mian)滑(hua)移(yi)(yi)隔震(zhen)(zhen)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置的(de)(de)對地震(zhen)(zhen)激勵頻率范(fan)圍的(de)(de)低敏(min)感性(xing)(xing)和高穩定性(xing)(xing)，特(te)有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)圓弧滑(hua)動(dong)面(mian)還使其(qi)具有(you)(you)(you)復位功能(neng)(neng)，無需(xu)附設(she)阻(zu)(zu)尼向心(xin)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)，故而在實際(ji)應用(yong)中更為(wei)簡便，且(qie)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)了隔震(zhen)(zhen)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置的(de)(de)可靠度(du)。
摩擦擺(bai)隔震支座(zuo)是將傳(chuan)統(tong)的(de)平面(mian)(mian)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移隔震裝置的(de)摩擦滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移面(mian)(mian)由平面(mian)(mian)改為球面(mian)(mian)，從(cong)而可依靠自身重力(li)自動(dong)(dong)(dong)回復。該支座(zuo)主(zhu)要(yao)由上、下(xia)支座(zuo)板和(he)一個鉸(jiao)接滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)塊組成。摩擦擺(bai)隔震支座(zuo)嵌在(zai)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)容腔中的(de)鉸(jiao)接滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)塊與滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)具有相同的(de)曲率半徑，可與滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)完全貼合，并(bing)使(shi)上支座(zuo)在(zai)支座(zuo)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)時(shi)始終保(bao)持水平。滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)上涂有低(di)摩擦材料，如聚四氟乙烯(xi)（特氟龍）等(deng)，可在(zai)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)過程(cheng)中耗散能(neng)量。當(dang)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)界(jie)面(mian)(mian)受到(dao)(dao)的(de)地震作用超(chao)過靜摩擦力(li)時(shi)，地面(mian)(mian)水平運動(dong)(dong)(dong)會促(cu)使(shi)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)在(zai)其圓弧面(mian)(mian)內滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)，從(cong)而迫使(shi)上部結構輕(qing)微抬高，發生單擺(bai)運動(dong)(dong)(dong)。然后，支座(zuo)會在(zai)自身受到(dao)(dao)的(de)豎向荷(he)載作用下(xia)自動(dong)(dong)(dong)回復。
摩(mo)擦(ca)擺隔(ge)震支座的(de)水平力(li)為滑動(dong)(dong)面摩(mo)擦(ca)力(li)和(he)上部(bu)結構沿滑道上升產生的(de)恢(hui)復力(li)的(de)合力(li)，而提供的(de)恢(hui)復力(li)使(shi)支座能(neng)依靠其承(cheng)受的(de)重(zhong)力(li)自動(dong)(dong)往中心位置回復，使(shi)地震響應得到控制(zhi)(zhi)，并且該(gai)支座的(de)剛度中心有(you)自動(dong)(dong)與隔(ge)震結構的(de)質(zhi)心重(zhong)合的(de)趨勢(shi)，因而能(neng)在(zai)更大(da) 程度上消除結構的(de)扭轉(zhuan)運動(dong)(dong)。摩(mo)擦(ca)擺隔(ge)震支座的(de)周(zhou)期、豎向(xiang)承(cheng)載力(li)、阻(zu)尼(ni)比、側重(zhong)位移和(he)抗(kang)拉(la)力(li)等指標(biao)可(ke)以(yi)進行(xing)單獨控制(zhi)(zhi)，該(gai)特(te)性十分便于(yu)設計(ji)人員(yuan)對(dui)隔(ge)震系統進行(xing)優化(hua)設計(ji)。
