摩(mo)擦(ca)滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)隔(ge)震是開發(fa)(fa)應用較早(zao)的(de)(de)隔(ge)振(zhen)技術(shu)之一(yi)，所用的(de)(de)摩(mo)擦(ca)材料多為(wei)沙石(shi)、石(shi)墨等(deng)廉價(jia)材料，標(biao)記經(jing)濟且(qie)簡單易行。摩(mo)擦(ca)滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)隔(ge)震系統(tong)(tong)通常有隔(ge)離(li)地(di)震作用的(de)(de)摩(mo)擦(ca)滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)機構(gou)(gou)和限位(wei)(wei)復位(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)阻尼向心機構(gou)(gou)組成，多為(wei)平(ping)面(mian)滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)隔(ge)震系統(tong)(tong)。該系統(tong)(tong)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)自動(dong)(dong)復位(wei)(wei)，一(yi)般需要另(ling)外加設復位(wei)(wei)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)，且(qie)滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)離(li)散性(xing)大(da)、不(bu)(bu)易控制(zhi)，滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)量過大(da)可(ke)能(neng)(neng)導致穿越隔(ge)震層的(de)(de)非結(jie)構(gou)(gou)構(gou)(gou)件破壞，甚至可(ke)能(neng)(neng)發(fa)(fa)生滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)失穩，這極大(da)地(di)阻礙了(le)滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)隔(ge)震的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展。為(wei)了(le)解決平(ping)面(mian)滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)系統(tong)(tong)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)自動(dong)(dong)復位(wei)(wei)問題(ti)，Zayas等(deng)于1985年在(zai)美國加州(zhou)大(da)學伯(bo)克利分(fen)校(xiao)研(yan)發(fa)(fa)了(le)摩(mo)擦(ca)擺(bai)(bai)隔(ge)震裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)，稱之為(wei)摩(mo)擦(ca)擺(bai)(bai)系統(tong)(tong)/支座(Friction Pendilum System/Bearing,簡稱FPS/FPB)。該裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)僅具有平(ping)面(mian)滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)隔(ge)震裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)對(dui)地(di)震激勵頻率范(fan)圍的(de)(de)低敏感性(xing)和高穩定(ding)性(xing)，特有的(de)(de)圓弧滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)面(mian)還(huan)使其(qi)具有復位(wei)(wei)功能(neng)(neng)，無(wu)需附(fu)設阻尼向心機構(gou)(gou)，故而在(zai)實際應用中(zhong)更為(wei)簡便，且(qie)增加了(le)隔(ge)震裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)可(ke)靠度。
摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)擺(bai)(bai)隔震(zhen)支座是(shi)將傳統的平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)滑(hua)(hua)移隔震(zhen)裝置(zhi)的摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)滑(hua)(hua)移面(mian)(mian)(mian)由(you)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)改為球(qiu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)，從而可(ke)(ke)依靠(kao)自(zi)身重力自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)回(hui)復(fu)。該支座主要由(you)上、下支座板和一個鉸(jiao)(jiao)接滑(hua)(hua)塊組成。摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)擺(bai)(bai)隔震(zhen)支座嵌在(zai)(zai)滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)容(rong)腔中(zhong)的鉸(jiao)(jiao)接滑(hua)(hua)塊與(yu)滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)具有相(xiang)同的曲率半徑，可(ke)(ke)與(yu)滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)完全貼合(he)，并使上支座在(zai)(zai)支座滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)時始終保持水(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)上涂有低摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)材料，如聚四(si)氟乙烯（特氟龍）等(deng)，可(ke)(ke)在(zai)(zai)滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)過程中(zhong)耗散(san)能量(liang)。當(dang)滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)界面(mian)(mian)(mian)受到的地震(zhen)作用超過靜(jing)摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)力時，地面(mian)(mian)(mian)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)運動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)會促使滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)在(zai)(zai)其圓弧面(mian)(mian)(mian)內滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，從而迫使上部結構輕(qing)微抬高，發生(sheng)單擺(bai)(bai)運動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。然(ran)后，支座會在(zai)(zai)自(zi)身受到的豎向(xiang)荷載作用下自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)回(hui)復(fu)。
摩(mo)擦(ca)擺隔(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)支座(zuo)(zuo)的水平力(li)為滑動(dong)面(mian)摩(mo)擦(ca)力(li)和上(shang)(shang)部結構沿滑道上(shang)(shang)升產生的恢復(fu)力(li)的合(he)(he)力(li)，而提供的恢復(fu)力(li)使支座(zuo)(zuo)能依(yi)靠(kao)其承(cheng)受(shou)的重(zhong)力(li)自動(dong)往中心(xin)(xin)位(wei)置回(hui)復(fu)，使地震(zhen)(zhen)響應得到控制，并且該支座(zuo)(zuo)的剛度中心(xin)(xin)有自動(dong)與隔(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)結構的質心(xin)(xin)重(zhong)合(he)(he)的趨勢(shi)，因而能在(zai)更大 程度上(shang)(shang)消除結構的扭轉運動(dong)。摩(mo)擦(ca)擺隔(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)支座(zuo)(zuo)的周期、豎向承(cheng)載力(li)、阻尼(ni)比、側重(zhong)位(wei)移和抗拉力(li)等(deng)指標可以進(jin)行單獨控制，該特(te)性十分(fen)便(bian)于設(she)計(ji)人(ren)員對(dui)隔(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)系(xi)統進(jin)行優(you)化(hua)設(she)計(ji)。
