摩(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)隔震(zhen)(zhen)是開(kai)發應用(yong)較早的(de)(de)隔振技術之一(yi)，所用(yong)的(de)(de)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)材(cai)料多(duo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)沙(sha)石、石墨(mo)等廉價(jia)材(cai)料，標記(ji)經濟且(qie)簡單(dan)易行。摩(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)隔震(zhen)(zhen)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統通常有(you)(you)隔離(li)地震(zhen)(zhen)作用(yong)的(de)(de)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)機(ji)構(gou)和限位(wei)復位(wei)的(de)(de)阻尼(ni)向心機(ji)構(gou)組成(cheng)，多(duo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)平(ping)(ping)(ping)面滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)隔震(zhen)(zhen)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統。該(gai)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統不(bu)能(neng)(neng)自動(dong)復位(wei)，一(yi)般需(xu)要另外加(jia)設復位(wei)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)，且(qie)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)離(li)散性(xing)大、不(bu)易控(kong)制，滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)量過大可能(neng)(neng)導致穿越隔震(zhen)(zhen)層(ceng)的(de)(de)非結構(gou)構(gou)件破壞，甚至可能(neng)(neng)發生滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)失穩(wen)，這極大地阻礙了(le)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)隔震(zhen)(zhen)的(de)(de)發展。為(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)解決平(ping)(ping)(ping)面滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統不(bu)能(neng)(neng)自動(dong)復位(wei)問題(ti)，Zayas等于1985年在(zai)美國(guo)加(jia)州(zhou)大學(xue)伯克利分校研發了(le)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)擺隔震(zhen)(zhen)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)，稱之為(wei)(wei)(wei)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)擺系(xi)(xi)(xi)統/支座(Friction Pendilum System/Bearing,簡稱FPS/FPB)。該(gai)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)不(bu)僅具有(you)(you)平(ping)(ping)(ping)面滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)隔震(zhen)(zhen)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)的(de)(de)對地震(zhen)(zhen)激勵頻率范(fan)圍(wei)的(de)(de)低(di)敏感性(xing)和高穩(wen)定性(xing)，特有(you)(you)的(de)(de)圓弧(hu)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)面還(huan)使其具有(you)(you)復位(wei)功能(neng)(neng)，無需(xu)附(fu)設阻尼(ni)向心機(ji)構(gou)，故而(er)在(zai)實際應用(yong)中更為(wei)(wei)(wei)簡便，且(qie)增(zeng)加(jia)了(le)隔震(zhen)(zhen)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)的(de)(de)可靠度。
摩(mo)擦(ca)擺隔震支座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)是將傳統的(de)(de)(de)(de)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)隔震裝置的(de)(de)(de)(de)摩(mo)擦(ca)滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)由平(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)改為球面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)，從(cong)而可依靠自身(shen)重(zhong)力自動(dong)(dong)(dong)回復。該支座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)主要由上(shang)、下(xia)(xia)支座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)板和一個鉸接滑(hua)(hua)塊(kuai)組成。摩(mo)擦(ca)擺隔震支座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)嵌在滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)容腔中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)鉸接滑(hua)(hua)塊(kuai)與(yu)滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)具(ju)有相同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)曲率(lv)半徑，可與(yu)滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)完全貼(tie)合(he)，并使上(shang)支座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)在支座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)時始終保持水(shui)平(ping)。滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)涂(tu)有低摩(mo)擦(ca)材料，如聚四氟乙烯（特(te)氟龍）等，可在滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)過(guo)程中(zhong)耗(hao)散能量。當(dang)滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)界面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)受到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)地震作用(yong)超過(guo)靜摩(mo)擦(ca)力時，地面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)水(shui)平(ping)運動(dong)(dong)(dong)會(hui)促(cu)使滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)在其(qi)圓弧面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)內滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)，從(cong)而迫使上(shang)部(bu)結構輕微(wei)抬高，發(fa)生單擺運動(dong)(dong)(dong)。然后(hou)，支座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)會(hui)在自身(shen)受到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)豎向荷載作用(yong)下(xia)(xia)自動(dong)(dong)(dong)回復。
摩(mo)擦擺(bai)隔震支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)座的水平力(li)(li)為滑動(dong)(dong)面摩(mo)擦力(li)(li)和(he)上(shang)部結(jie)構沿滑道上(shang)升產生的恢(hui)復力(li)(li)的合力(li)(li)，而提供的恢(hui)復力(li)(li)使(shi)(shi)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)座能依(yi)靠(kao)其承受的重(zhong)(zhong)力(li)(li)自(zi)動(dong)(dong)往中(zhong)心(xin)位置(zhi)回復，使(shi)(shi)地震響(xiang)應得到控制，并(bing)且該支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)座的剛(gang)度中(zhong)心(xin)有自(zi)動(dong)(dong)與隔震結(jie)構的質(zhi)心(xin)重(zhong)(zhong)合的趨勢，因而能在更大 程(cheng)度上(shang)消除(chu)結(jie)構的扭轉(zhuan)運動(dong)(dong)。摩(mo)擦擺(bai)隔震支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)座的周期、豎(shu)向承載力(li)(li)、阻尼比(bi)、側(ce)重(zhong)(zhong)位移和(he)抗拉力(li)(li)等指(zhi)標可以進(jin)行(xing)單獨控制，該特性十(shi)分便于設(she)計人員(yuan)對隔震系統進(jin)行(xing)優化設(she)計。
