摩(mo)(mo)擦滑(hua)移(yi)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)震(zhen)是開發(fa)(fa)(fa)應用較(jiao)早的(de)(de)(de)(de)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)振技術之一(yi)，所用的(de)(de)(de)(de)摩(mo)(mo)擦材料(liao)(liao)多為沙石、石墨等廉價材料(liao)(liao)，標記經(jing)濟且(qie)簡(jian)單易行。摩(mo)(mo)擦滑(hua)移(yi)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)震(zhen)系統(tong)(tong)通常有(you)(you)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)離地(di)震(zhen)作用的(de)(de)(de)(de)摩(mo)(mo)擦滑(hua)動機構(gou)和(he)(he)限位(wei)復位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)阻(zu)尼向(xiang)心機構(gou)組成，多為平(ping)面滑(hua)移(yi)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)震(zhen)系統(tong)(tong)。該(gai)系統(tong)(tong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)自動復位(wei)，一(yi)般需(xu)要另(ling)外加(jia)設(she)(she)復位(wei)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)，且(qie)滑(hua)動性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)離散性(xing)(xing)大(da)、不(bu)(bu)(bu)易控制，滑(hua)移(yi)量過(guo)大(da)可(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)導(dao)致穿越(yue)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)震(zhen)層的(de)(de)(de)(de)非結構(gou)構(gou)件破(po)壞，甚至可(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生滑(hua)移(yi)失穩，這極大(da)地(di)阻(zu)礙了(le)滑(hua)移(yi)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)震(zhen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。為了(le)解決平(ping)面滑(hua)移(yi)系統(tong)(tong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)自動復位(wei)問題，Zayas等于(yu)1985年在美國(guo)加(jia)州大(da)學伯克利分校研(yan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)了(le)摩(mo)(mo)擦擺隔(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)震(zhen)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)，稱之為摩(mo)(mo)擦擺系統(tong)(tong)/支座(Friction Pendilum System/Bearing,簡(jian)稱FPS/FPB)。該(gai)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)僅(jin)具有(you)(you)平(ping)面滑(hua)移(yi)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)震(zhen)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)對地(di)震(zhen)激勵頻率范圍的(de)(de)(de)(de)低敏感性(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)高穩定性(xing)(xing)，特有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)圓弧滑(hua)動面還使其具有(you)(you)復位(wei)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)，無需(xu)附設(she)(she)阻(zu)尼向(xiang)心機構(gou)，故(gu)而在實際應用中更為簡(jian)便，且(qie)增加(jia)了(le)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)震(zhen)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)靠度。
摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)擺(bai)隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)支(zhi)座是將傳統的平(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)裝置(zhi)的摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)滑(hua)(hua)移(yi)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)由平(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)改為球面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)，從而可依靠自(zi)身重力(li)自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)回復。該支(zhi)座主要由上(shang)、下(xia)(xia)支(zhi)座板和一(yi)個鉸(jiao)接滑(hua)(hua)塊組(zu)成(cheng)。摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)擺(bai)隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)支(zhi)座嵌在(zai)滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)容腔中(zhong)的鉸(jiao)接滑(hua)(hua)塊與滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)具有(you)相同(tong)的曲(qu)率半徑，可與滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)完全貼(tie)合，并使(shi)上(shang)支(zhi)座在(zai)支(zhi)座滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)時始終保持水(shui)平(ping)。滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)涂有(you)低摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)材(cai)料，如聚四氟(fu)乙烯（特氟(fu)龍(long)）等(deng)，可在(zai)滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)過(guo)程中(zhong)耗散能量(liang)。當滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)界(jie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)受(shou)(shou)到的地(di)震(zhen)作用超過(guo)靜摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)力(li)時，地(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)水(shui)平(ping)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)會(hui)促(cu)使(shi)滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)在(zai)其圓弧面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)內滑(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，從而迫(po)使(shi)上(shang)部結構輕微抬高，發(fa)生單(dan)擺(bai)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。然后，支(zhi)座會(hui)在(zai)自(zi)身受(shou)(shou)到的豎向荷載作用下(xia)(xia)自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)回復。
摩(mo)擦(ca)擺隔(ge)震支(zhi)座的(de)(de)(de)水平力(li)(li)為滑動(dong)面摩(mo)擦(ca)力(li)(li)和上部結構沿(yan)滑道上升產生的(de)(de)(de)恢復力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)合力(li)(li)，而提供的(de)(de)(de)恢復力(li)(li)使支(zhi)座能(neng)依(yi)靠(kao)其承受(shou)的(de)(de)(de)重力(li)(li)自動(dong)往(wang)中(zhong)心(xin)位置回復，使地震響應得到控(kong)制，并(bing)且該支(zhi)座的(de)(de)(de)剛度中(zhong)心(xin)有自動(dong)與(yu)隔(ge)震結構的(de)(de)(de)質心(xin)重合的(de)(de)(de)趨勢，因而能(neng)在更大(da) 程(cheng)度上消(xiao)除結構的(de)(de)(de)扭(niu)轉運動(dong)。摩(mo)擦(ca)擺隔(ge)震支(zhi)座的(de)(de)(de)周期、豎向承載力(li)(li)、阻尼(ni)比、側重位移和抗拉(la)力(li)(li)等指標(biao)可以進行單(dan)獨控(kong)制，該特性十分便于設計(ji)人員對隔(ge)震系統進行優化設計(ji)。
