摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)隔震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)是開發(fa)(fa)(fa)應(ying)用較早的(de)隔振技術(shu)之一(yi)，所用的(de)摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)材(cai)(cai)料多(duo)為(wei)沙石(shi)(shi)、石(shi)(shi)墨(mo)等廉價(jia)材(cai)(cai)料，標(biao)記經濟且簡(jian)單易(yi)行(xing)。摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)隔震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)系統(tong)(tong)通常(chang)有隔離(li)地震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)作用的(de)摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機構(gou)和(he)限位(wei)復(fu)位(wei)的(de)阻尼(ni)向心機構(gou)組成(cheng)，多(duo)為(wei)平(ping)面(mian)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)隔震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)系統(tong)(tong)。該系統(tong)(tong)不(bu)能(neng)自動(dong)(dong)(dong)復(fu)位(wei)，一(yi)般(ban)需要另外加(jia)設復(fu)位(wei)裝置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，且滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)離(li)散(san)性(xing)(xing)大、不(bu)易(yi)控制，滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)量(liang)過大可(ke)能(neng)導致穿(chuan)越隔震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)層的(de)非結構(gou)構(gou)件(jian)破(po)壞，甚至可(ke)能(neng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)失穩，這(zhe)極大地阻礙了(le)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)隔震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)的(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。為(wei)了(le)解決(jue)平(ping)面(mian)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)系統(tong)(tong)不(bu)能(neng)自動(dong)(dong)(dong)復(fu)位(wei)問題，Zayas等于1985年在(zai)(zai)美國加(jia)州大學伯(bo)克利(li)分(fen)校研發(fa)(fa)(fa)了(le)摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)擺(bai)隔震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)裝置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，稱之為(wei)摩(mo)(mo)擦(ca)擺(bai)系統(tong)(tong)/支座(Friction Pendilum System/Bearing,簡(jian)稱FPS/FPB)。該裝置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)僅具有平(ping)面(mian)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移(yi)(yi)隔震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)裝置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)對地震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)激勵頻(pin)率范圍的(de)低敏(min)感(gan)性(xing)(xing)和(he)高穩定性(xing)(xing)，特有的(de)圓弧滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)還使其具有復(fu)位(wei)功(gong)能(neng)，無需附設阻尼(ni)向心機構(gou)，故而在(zai)(zai)實(shi)際應(ying)用中更為(wei)簡(jian)便，且增加(jia)了(le)隔震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)裝置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)可(ke)靠度。
摩(mo)擦(ca)擺(bai)隔(ge)震(zhen)支(zhi)(zhi)座是將(jiang)傳統的平面(mian)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移隔(ge)震(zhen)裝置(zhi)的摩(mo)擦(ca)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)移面(mian)由(you)平面(mian)改(gai)為球面(mian)，從而可(ke)依(yi)靠自(zi)身重力(li)自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)回復。該支(zhi)(zhi)座主要由(you)上(shang)(shang)(shang)、下支(zhi)(zhi)座板和一個鉸接滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)塊組(zu)成。摩(mo)擦(ca)擺(bai)隔(ge)震(zhen)支(zhi)(zhi)座嵌在(zai)(zai)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)容(rong)腔中的鉸接滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)塊與(yu)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)具有相(xiang)同(tong)的曲率半徑，可(ke)與(yu)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)完(wan)全貼合，并使上(shang)(shang)(shang)支(zhi)(zhi)座在(zai)(zai)支(zhi)(zhi)座滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)時始終保持水(shui)平。滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)涂有低摩(mo)擦(ca)材(cai)料，如聚四(si)氟(fu)乙(yi)烯（特氟(fu)龍）等，可(ke)在(zai)(zai)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)過程中耗散能量。當滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)界面(mian)受到(dao)的地震(zhen)作用超(chao)過靜摩(mo)擦(ca)力(li)時，地面(mian)水(shui)平運動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)會(hui)促使滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)在(zai)(zai)其圓弧面(mian)內滑(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，從而迫(po)使上(shang)(shang)(shang)部結構輕(qing)微抬高，發生單(dan)擺(bai)運動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。然后，支(zhi)(zhi)座會(hui)在(zai)(zai)自(zi)身受到(dao)的豎向荷載作用下自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)回復。
摩擦擺(bai)隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)支座(zuo)的(de)(de)水平力(li)(li)為滑(hua)動面(mian)摩擦力(li)(li)和(he)(he)上(shang)部結構沿滑(hua)道上(shang)升產(chan)生的(de)(de)恢復力(li)(li)的(de)(de)合力(li)(li)，而(er)提(ti)供(gong)的(de)(de)恢復力(li)(li)使(shi)支座(zuo)能依(yi)靠其承受的(de)(de)重力(li)(li)自動往(wang)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)位置回復，使(shi)地震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)響應得到控制，并且(qie)該支座(zuo)的(de)(de)剛(gang)度中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)有自動與(yu)隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)結構的(de)(de)質心(xin)(xin)重合的(de)(de)趨勢，因而(er)能在更大 程度上(shang)消(xiao)除結構的(de)(de)扭轉(zhuan)運動。摩擦擺(bai)隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)支座(zuo)的(de)(de)周期、豎向承載力(li)(li)、阻尼比、側重位移和(he)(he)抗拉力(li)(li)等指(zhi)標可以(yi)進行單(dan)獨(du)控制，該特性十分(fen)便(bian)于設(she)計人員(yuan)對隔(ge)(ge)震(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)系統進行優化設(she)計。
